A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

92 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations houses uphold their vows of chastity. The council also suggested missions to carry the Church’s ...

The Roots of the Reformation 93 became obsessed with a phrase from the Bible (Romans 1:17), “The just shall live by faith.” Such ...

94 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations trying to remain on good terms with Frederick III, a strong candidate for election as Holy Roman ...

Social Background of the Reformation in the German States 95 Charles V had been elected Holy Roman emperor following his father’ ...

96 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations burghers. Reformers found these communities fertile ground for Luthers ideas. Complaining of inc ...

Social Background of the Reformation in the German States 97 Luther and his followers denied the special status of the clergy as ...

98 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations Map 3.1 The Peasants’ Revolt, 1525-1526 Sites of peasant uprisings in parts of the central and s ...

The Spread of the Reformation 99 Although Luther had never intended to bring about a permanent division within Christianity, his ...

100 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations itself; for the reformers, rhetoric was a method for teaching the Scriptures and for arguing in ...

The Spread of the Reformation 101 1526, the Turks defeated the Hungarian king at Mohacs in Hungary. This left Lutheran missionar ...

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The Reformation in Switzerland and France 103 The Peace of Augsburg of 1555 was a compromise. It was agreed upon by the imperial ...

104 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations A doctrinal conflict among reformers helped define the character of the Swiss Reformation. Luth ...

The Reformation in Switzerland and France^105 Map 3.3 Radical Religious Movements Areas in which there were Hussites, Utraquists ...

106 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations tolerate their views. Some radical reformers who had broken with Zwingli in Zurich became known ...

The Reformation in Switzerland and France 107 polygamy, in part because there were four times as many women than men in town. Jo ...

108 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations Throughout his life, Calvin was overwhelmed by anxiety and self-doubt, compounded by his virtua ...

The Reformation in Switzerland and France 109 rality dictated by the Bible, would put an end to some of life’s haunting uncertai ...

110 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations In 1 540, the majority of citizens of Geneva, believing that the town’s ties to Bern limited it ...

The English Reformation 111 They saw innocent, weak women submit to torture so as to bear wit­ ness to their faith... men exulti ...