A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

Index A-85

Report on the Sanitary Condition of the La­

boring Population of Great Britain

(Chadwick), 696

representative and constitutional government:

in Austria, 678-79, 680-82

in Belgium, 600

in England and Great Britain, 163, 186,

208, 210, 213, 221-22, 230-31, 245,

254, 285, 318-19, 386, 404-15, 433,

670, 684-85, 699, 704; see also

House of Commons; House of Lords;

Parliament, English

Enlightenment views of, 313, 319, 323,

324-25

fascist challenges to, 1015-17, 1019; see

also Germany, Nazi; Mussolini, Benito

in France, 245, 260, 319, 433, 508-9,

585, 593-98, 617, 618-19, 670, 685,

728-29, 730, 731; see also French

Revolution

in German states, 585, 604

in Germany, 669-70, 982-83

in Italy, 659

in Lombardy-Venetia, 577

in Netherlands, 163, 208, 245

in Poland, 602

in Portugal, 588

in Russia, 710, 723-24, 936-38, 945

in Spain, 173, 586-88, 604

in Sweden, 271

in Switzerland, 600

in Two Sicilies, 575

see also Revolution of 1830; Revolutions of

1848; voting rights

requerimiento, 40-41

Rerum Novarutn (Pope Leo XIII), 792

Restoration, English, see England

Restoration Europe, 434, 576-79

see also Vienna, Congress of

Revere, Paul, 416

Revolution of 1830, 550, 594-98, 605, 614

revolutions, rebellions:

Fronde, The, 157, 243, 252-54, 255, 441

peasant, 12, 88, 95, 97-98, 97, 243, 246,

251,254, 270,359, 428, 621

in Restoration Europe, 580

tax, 27, 97, 129, 175, 246, 251-54, 595

see also French Revolution; Glorious Revo­

lution; War of American Independence

Revolutions of 1848, 613-43, 615, 683

counter-revolutions to, 626-28, 630-40,

642-43

food shortages and, 614

legacy of, 640-43

mobilization for, 614-26

precursors of, 612

search for consensus in, 626-32

Rexist movement (Belgium), 1019—20

Reynolds, Joshua, 329-30

Rhine, Confederation of the, 489, 501, 506,

507

Rhineland, 146, 150, 157, 160, 338, 363,

452, 473, 476, 529, 573

Catholic Reformation in, 116

French occupation of, 960, 963, 964

German remilitarization of, 1034

Rhodes, Cecil, 826, 833, 834, 844-45, 854

Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), 848, 851, 1174

Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 1034, 1099

Ricardo, David, 581

Richelieu, Cardinal Armand Jean du Plessis

de, 144-46, 157,252,253,255

Richthofen, Manfred von, 896

Rickenbacker, Eddie, 896

Riefenstahl, Leni, 1028

Riga, Treaty of (1921), 949

Rigaud, Hyacinthe, 251-52, 251

Right Opposition (Soviet Union), 1036, 1041

rights and liberties, 97-98, 242-43, 411-12,

434

conservative view of, 579

eighteenth-century movements for, 423-25

of Englishmen, 214, 222

Enlightenment views on, 315, 318, 323

Glorious Revolution and, 163

of Parliament, 213,216-17

in Restoration Europe, 579, 580

Russian Revolution and, 935

see also French Revolution; liberal move­

ments; Revolution of 1830; Revolu­

tions of 1848

Rights of Man, The (Paine), 458

Rights of Women, The (de Gouges), 454, 459

Right which Belongs to the Dutch to Take Part in

the East India Trade, The (Grotius), 169

Rite of Spring, The (Diaghilev), 811, 811

Robespierre, Maximilien, 457, 457, 459,

466-67,469, 470-71,473

Robin Hood, 1 1

Robinson Crusoe (Defoe), 379

rococo style (Louis XV style), 330-31, 330

Rocroi, Battle of (1643), 253

Rohm, Ernst, 1013, 1023

Roma (gypsies), 11, 675, 1216

in World War II, 1080

Yugoslav, 970

see also Magyars

Roman Catholic Church, 173, 196, 347

absolutism and, 249-50

art and, 71-72, 122-23