African-American literature

viii Encyclopedia of African-American Literature Moreover, DuBois would find the now-undeni- able progress and contributions mad ...

aggression against the slaveholder who tried to prevent the slave’s ever learning to read and write; and it is implicitly an act ...

Introduction ix Nikki Giovanni, and Kevin Young. Ultimately, what attracts us to hip-hop culture and rap is the seeming continui ...

National Association for the Advance- ment of Colored People (NAACP) On February 12, 1909, men and women of various religions an ...

x  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS When I began this project, family members, friends, and colleagues lauded me for taking on such a monumenta ...

1  A TO Z ENTRIES  ...

editor. The Crisis first published Hughes’s signa- ture poem, “The Negro Speaks of Rivers.” Other well-established and prominent ...

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3 Aasim, Afrika Bambaataa (1960– ) Often called the “Godfather of Hip-Hop,” Afrika Bambaataa Aasim, familiarly known as Bam, was ...

like a moving blackout. Above the top of the poster were tall red letters: “IF YOU BREAK THE LAW, YOU CAN’T WIN!” (11) Bigger ca ...

4 sociopolitical voices over the beat of the music they were playing. Writing was used to express some political or ideological ...

Ironically, however, at the end of Native Son Bigger seems to experience an existential epiphany, as his final declaration to hi ...

Adams received critical acclaim with the pub- lication of her first novel, Resurrecting Mingus (2001), which tells the story of ...

City on January 25, 1950. Her parents, Roosevelt and Alberta McAlpin Naylor, were former share- croppers who migrated north from ...

understanding this collection. Issues of race and sexual orientation inform the selections as they do life—unexpectedly but ofte ...

the New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship for screenwriting (1985), the Candace Award of the National Coalition of One Hun ...

incorporate African-American expressive culture generally. Out of this change came special issues on black music, jazz, the blac ...

Press published Neal’s second volume of poetry, Hoodoo Hollerin Bebop Ghosts, which includes works that extend Neal’s interest a ...

Book Award. Currently a professor at Oklahoma State University, where she is researching the his- tory of her relatives, members ...

wealth. Her position as “other” subverts racial, gender, and genre stereotypes in ways that suggest the positive power of life i ...