Crash Course AP Literature

EXPOSITORY PROSE Joseph Addison; Gloria Anzaldúa; Matthew Arnold; James Baldwin; James Boswell; Jesús Colón; Joan Didion; Freder ...

Consonance can occur in the middle of words also: river, liver, cadaver, palaver, waver, save, rave, etc. The “v” sound repeats. ...

Chapter 4 Summary of Literary Texts ...

METAPHOR A metaphor is a comparison of two dissimilar things to help us see something in a new or more meaningful way. Similes a ...

In This Chapter Overview Texts of Literary Merit Titles Cited in the Free-Response Essays Since 1973 Most Frequently Cited Works ...

THEME Why write poems? Some people can’t help it. Writing poetry is as natural to them as breathing and it’s not a choice—they j ...

OVERVIEW The purpose of this chapter is to acquaint you with the variety and types of literary works that have been on past exam ...

SAYING SOMETHING NEW OR SAYING SOMETHING OLD IN A NEW WAY Poetry is one of the oldest art forms, and poets have pretty much cove ...

If you have read very few books at this point, use the Key Concepts section below to find books that you would enjoy reading and ...

KEY TERMS Familiarize yourself with the following list of terms. The starred terms (⋆) are those that have appeared more promine ...

TEXTS OF LITERARY MERIT The third essay question on the AP Lit exam is open-ended. You are given a general prompt and expected t ...

whole, such as “all hands on deck” 24. ⋆ tone: the emotional quality of a poem, such as regretful or contemplative. Tone also re ...

TITLES CITED IN THE FREE-RESPONSE ESSAYS SINCE 1973 (This list originated with Norma J. Wilkerson and is kept up-to-date by Sand ...

HOW TO READ A POEM As you read above, a poem is often full of figurative language, which means you shouldn’t read a poem for its ...

A Absalom, Absalom by William Faulkner (76, 00) Adam Bede by George Eliot (06) The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain ...

▶ What sound elements are most striking and why? You should be looking for sound repetition, cacophony/euphony, or any element o ...

B “The Bear” by William Faulkner (94. 06) Beloved by Toni Morrison (90, 99, 01, 03, 05, 07) A Bend in the River by V. S. Naipaul ...

METER Meter is the regular pattern of accented and unaccented syllables in a poem. There are generally very few questions on the ...

C Candida by George Bernard Shaw (80) Candide by Voltaire (80, 86, 87, 91, 95, 96, 04, 06) The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chau ...

TYPES OF METER Type Adjective Form Syllable pattern iamb iambic U / trochee trochaic / U anapest anapestic U U / dactyl dactylic ...