Webster Essential Vocabulary

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

pinion (PIN yin) n.1. a small gear whose teeth fit into a larger rack to accom-
plish motion; 2. the last bony section of a bird’s wing —vt. 1. to disable by binding
one’s arms; 2. to handcuff or shackle; 3. to cut off the pinions of a bird’s wing to
prevent its flying



  • The pinionmakes possible the rack-and-pinionsteering so prevalent in
    today’s sportier cars.

  • The pinionsof a bird’s wings are often clipped by zoos to prevent the ani-
    mals from flying the coop, as it were.

  • A capturing soldier often pinionshis captive’s arms to prevent resistance.

  • A peacock’s wings are usually pinionedby a zoo’s curators, for reasons
    already mentioned.
    [-ed, -ing]
    placebo(pli SEE boh) n. 1. a harmless unpotent medication given to a patient
    to humor him or her, or used as a control in a blind test of medications; 2. some-
    thing said or done to humor or win the favor of another

  • Sometimes a placebois given to a patient who would not benefit from a
    medicine, just to make him think he’s on medication.

  • Such a pill often makes a psychological difference to the patient, known as
    the placeboeffect.

  • In tests of medicines, the control group is always given a placeboto see
    whether the medicine being tested has any significant effect.
    plagiarize(PLAY jir YZ) vt. to take ideas, writings, etc. from someone else and
    pass them off as one’s own

  • Copyright laws exist to protect authors from having their intellectual prop-
    erty plagiarized.

  • Most plagiarizingis done by students writing papers, who claim some
    author’s or some encyclopedia’s words as their own.
    [-d, plagiarizing]
    pliable(PLY i bl) adj. 1. easily bent or molded; 2. easily persuaded or influ-
    enced; 3. adaptable

  • Aluminum foil is quite pliable,and the heavy-duty kind is suitable for
    wrapping food for the freezer.

  • Some people are pliableenough to be easily convinced to buy “wonder
    products” they see in TV infomercials.

  • Some breeds of dog are pliableenough to be comfortable living in the
    Arctic or in mid-latitude climates.
    [pliably adv.] [Syn. plastic]
    pluralism(PLU ril i zm) n. 1. existing in more than one form; 2. the holding of
    more than one office by a single person; 3. a society made up of many diverse eth-
    nic groups or groups from different cultural backgrounds

  • Water exhibits a pluralismby existing as a liquid, a solid, and a gas, some-
    times all at the same time.

  • There were times when a president of the United States demonstrated
    pluralismby being his own secretary of state.

  • The composition of the population of the United States is about as great
    an example of ethnic pluralismas can be found on earth.
    [pluralistic adj., pluralistically adv.]


P – Q: SAT Words 183

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