5 Steps to a 5 AP Biology, 2014-2015 Edition

Molecular Genetics ❮ 133 Rapid Review Briefly review the following terms: DNA:contains A and G (purines), C and T (pyrimidines), ...

134 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High Nonsense mutation:substitution of wrong nucleotide into DNA that produ ...

Molecular Genetics ❮ 135 Genetic Engineering Restriction enzymes:enzymes that cut DNA at particular sequences, creating sticky e ...

CHAPTER 12 Evolution IN THIS CHAPTER Summary:This chapter discusses evolution and the four major modes in which it occurs. It in ...

Evolution ❮ 137 Introduction This chapter begins with an introduction to the concept of evolution and the four major modes in wh ...

138 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High could think of situations in which migration is not random. For exampl ...

Evolution ❮ 139 It is easiest to illustrate natural selection with an example. Let’s revisit our pond before the tornado came, w ...

140 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High Adaptations Anadaptationis a trait that if altered, affects the fitnes ...

Evolution ❮ 141 These three processes describe the way in which allele frequencies can change as a result of the forces of natur ...

142 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High When humans become the agents of natural selection, we describe the pr ...

Evolution ❮ 143 Speciation Aspeciesis a group of interbreeding (or potentially interbreeding) organisms. Speciation, the process ...

144 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High When Evolution Is Not Occurring: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Evolutiona ...

Evolution ❮ 145 the two alleles? Remember that it is not 0.16 and 0.84 because there are also the heterozy- gotes to consider! I ...

146 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High deduce phylogenetic relationships. By the end of the nineteenth centur ...

Evolution ❮ 147 stasis (no change) (see comparison in Figure 12.3). Because the fossil record is incomplete, it is very hard to ...

148 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High STEP DESCRIPTION The earth’s atmosphere formed. Emerging from volcanoe ...

Evolution ❮ 149 Why is it important that there was no oxygen to start? Alexander Oparin and J. B. S. Haldane hypothesized that o ...

150 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High Why do we assume that oxygen was not present in the original atmosphe ...

Evolution ❮ 151 ❯ Rapid Review There are four modes of evolution: Genetic drift:change in allele frequencies because of chance ...

152 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High Sources of variation within populationsare Mutation:random changes in ...