174 i PERIOD 4 Global Interactions (c. 1450–c. 1750)
- Both the Protestant Reformation and the
Enlightenment
(A) questioned political authority
(B) lowered the status of women
(C) upheld church traditions
(D) relied on reason over faith
(E) remained confined to Europe - The Protestant Reformation
(A) strengthened the authority of the papacy
(B) spread because of advances in Chinese and
European technology
(C) became the basis of Enlightenment thought
(D) diminished the achievements of the com-
mercial revolution
(E) was carried by Jesuits to the Western
Hemisphere - All of the following describe the Scientific
Revolution EXCEPT that
(A) it emphasized the value of research
(B) it described the nature of the universe
(C) some of its beliefs were openly opposed by
the Roman Catholic Church
(D) it was modeled on Chinese philosophy
(E) it believed in the overall goodness of
humanity
4. Enlightenment thought
(A) resulted in harsher punishments for
criminals
(B) treated children as miniature adults
(C) resembled Renaissance thought
(D) was not embraced by the women’s
movement
(E) introduced economic theories that sup-
ported mercantilism
5. The Protestant and Catholic reformations were
alike
(A) in their attitudes toward money-making
(B) in their reliance on church councils
(C) in their views toward papal authority
(D) in their abandonment of church traditions
(E) in their emphasis on education
6. The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment
(A) both held that reason could be used to
improve humanity
(B) broke completely with classical traditions
(C) supported the ideas of the Roman Catho-
lic Church concerning the nature of the
universe
(D) were global movements
(E) continued medieval traditions
government regulation of the economy should be minimal in order to allow the free operation
of the laws of supply and demand. Denis Diderot of France compiled the Encyclopédie, which
included the scientifi c and social scientifi c knowledge of the Enlightenment.❯ Rapid Review
The period from 1450 to 1750 witnessed three major cultural and intellectual revolutions.
The Protestant Reformation defi ed established church traditions and taught salvation by
faith alone. The Scientifi c Revolution explained the nature of the universe and encouraged
research. Another movement, the Enlightenment, believed in the basic goodness of human-
ity and spoke of natural rights that formed the philosophy behind the political revolutions
of the eighteenth century.❯ Review Questions