Practice Test One h 281
designed to meet European needs (B). Planta-
tion schedules and demands disrupted daily
African life (C). African families had fewer men
to work their village lands, resulting in the cul-
tivation of fewer crops and subsequent malnu-
trition (D).
- B Unequal treaties were signed with Britain
and Japan. The Boxer Rebellion against foreign
intervention (A) and the opium trade with
Britain (C) weakened the Qing Empire. The
Chinese lost authority over the tributary states
of Burma, Korea, and Vietnam (D).
- B Both Japanese and Russian governments
sponsored rapid industrialization in the late
nineteenth century. Although the power of
Japan was rising, that of Russia was in gradual
decline (A). Although the Japanese were well
educated, the masses of Russian peasants were
not (C). Both had centralized governments
during the time period (D).
- C Western European nations concentrated
on colonies in Africa, Asia, and Oceania; the
United States on Pacifi c islands and economic
imperialism in Latin America; and Japan on
Korea and Asian Russian territories. Europeans
did not settle in large numbers in South east
Asia (A). Raw materials from colonies became
an integral part of world trade (B). Colonies
did not purchase large quantities of Western
manufactured goods (D).
- C Except for Russia, which wanted to include
Serbia in its Pan-Slavic movement (A),
Europe’s imperialist powers were forced on
non-Western nations. The Balkans were com-
posed of a number of countries, some under
the Austro-Hungarian Empire, others under the
Ottomans (B). Intense nationalist sentiment
made the Balkans potentially volatile (D),
especially in the general global framework of
nationalism in the nineteenth century.
- A The Second Industrial Revolution was based
on electricity and steel. Railroads were key to
industrialization, with both a major railway for
Canada and a transcontinental railway con-
structed in the United States. Japan also built
a network of railways (D). Responses (B), and
(C) also are correct.
- B The United States engaged in confl icts with
Native Americans while Latin Americans, espe-
cially those in Argentina and Chile, also pushed
aside native peoples. While the United States
industrialized, Latin America continued to pro-
vide primarily raw materials (A). Latin Ameri-
can society was more stratifi ed than that of the
United States (C). Caudillos, or military leaders,
often came to power in Latin America (D).
- C is the correct sequence.
- B Indonesia, the country with the largest
Muslim population, is located in Southeast
Asia.
- D Most people who migrated during the
twentieth century migrated from developing to
developed nations to acquire a better economic
future. Choices (A) and (B) are both cases of
internal migration. Although the twentieth cen-
tury saw a pattern like (C), it was not the most
common.
- B Latin America has seen the most rapid
industrial growth, especially in Brazil.
- D The Iranian Revolution was especially
hostile to the United States, which had sup-
ported the regime of Shah Pahlavi, who was
overthrown by the revolt. The revolt imposed
greater restrictions on Islamic women, includ-
ing the wearing of the veil in public (A). Hus-
sein of Iraq took advantage of Iran’s revolt to
attempt an invasion of Iran (B). The revolution
brought into power a group of very traditional
Shi’ites (C).
- C The AIDS crisis is especially widespread in
sub-Saharan Africa. Regional trade organiza-
tions such as ASEAN, NAFTA, and the Euro-
pean Union have risen in response to the WTO
(A). Guest workers from Africa and Asia have
experienced violence from antiforeign protes-
tors in Europe (B). Most women have the right
to vote but many fewer opportunities to hold
offi ce than men (D).
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