xx Contents5 Field Methods in Archaeology and Paleoanthropology
Paleoanthropology 98Recovering Cultural and Biological Remains 100
The Nature of Fossils 101
Burial of the Dead 103
Searching for Artifacts and Fossils 105
Site Identification 105
Archaeological Excavation 107
Fossil Excavation 109
State of Preservation of Archaeological and Fossil
Evidence 110
Sorting Out the Evidence 111
Dating the Past 114
Relative Dating 115
Chronometric Dating 117
Chance and Study of the Past 119Original Study: Whispers from the Ice 103
Anthropology Applied: Cultural Resource Management 108
Biocultural Connection: Kennewick Man 115Questions for Reflection 120
Suggested Readings 1203 Living Primates
Methods and Ethics in Primatology 54
Primates as Mammals 56
Primate Taxonomy 57
Primate Characteristics 60
Primate Teeth 60
Primate Sensory Organs 61
The Primate Brain 64
The Primate Skeleton 64
Living Primates 66
Lemurs and Lorises 66
Tarsiers 67
New World Monkeys 68
Old World Monkeys 69
Small and Great Apes 70
Primate Conservation 71Original Study: Ethics of Great Ape Habituation
and Conservation: The Costs and Benefits of
Ecotourism 55
Biocultural Connection: Why Red Is Such
a Potent Color 63
Anthropology Applied: The Congo Heartland Project 74Questions for Reflection 75
Suggested Readings 754 Primate Behavior
Primates as Models for Human Evolution 78
Primate Social Organization 79
Home Range 80
Social Hierarchy 81
Individual Interaction and Bonding 83
Sexual Behavior 84
Reproduction and Care of Young 88
Communication and Learning 89
Use of Objects as Tools 93
Hunting 94
The Question of Culture 95Anthropologists of Note: Jane Goodall and KinjiKinji Imanishi
Original Study: Reconciliation and Its Cultural Modification
in Primates 82
Biocultural Connection: Disturbing Behaviors of the
Orangutan 86Questions for Reflection 96
Suggested Readings 96© WaterFrame/Alamy12196_FM_pi-xliii.indd xx12196_FM_pi-xliii.indd xx 2/4/10 1:41:40 AM2/4/10 1:41:40 AM