http://www.alsenosy.com | http://www.professionalengineers.usleast float.Due to violating aconstraintor imposeddate, the total floatcan becomenegative.
SchedulecompressiontechniquesarecomparedinFigure 6 – 19 andinclude:
o Crashing.Atechniqueusedtoshortenthescheduledurationfortheleastincrementalcostby
adding resources. Examples of crashing include approving overtime, bringing in additional
resources, orpayingtoexpeditedeliverytoactivitiesonthecriticalpath.Crashingworksonlyfor
activitieson thecritical pathwhere additionalresourceswill shortenthe activity'sduration.
Crashingdoesnot alwaysproduceaviablealternativeandmayresultinincreasedriskand/or
cost.
98.Answer:B.
PMBOK® Guide, pages 210 – 211 , Section 6. 5. 2 , 2 ; and Figure 6 – 16
Critical Path Method
Thecriticalpathmethod,whichisamethodusedtoestimatetheminimumprojectdurationand
determinethe amountofschedulingflexibility on thelogicalnetworkpathswithintheschedule
model.Thisschedulenetworkanalysistechniquecalculatestheearlystart,earlyfinish,latestart,and
latefinishdatesforallactivitieswithoutregardforanyresourcelimitationsbyperformingaforward
and backward pass analysisthrough theschedule network,as shown in Figure 6 – 16. In this
example,thelongestpathincludesactivitiesA,C,andD,andtherefore,thesequenceofA–C–Dis
thecritical path.Thecritical pathis thesequenceofactivities thatrepresentsthe longestpath
throughaproject,whichdeterminestheshortestpossibleprojectduration.Theresultingearlyand
latestartandfinishdatesarenotnecessarilytheprojectschedule;rather,theyindicatethetime
periodswithinwhichtheactivitycouldbeexecuted,usingtheparametersenteredintheschedule
modelforactivitydurations,logicalrelationships,leads,lags,andotherknownconstraints.Thecritical
pathmethodisusedtocalculatetheamountofschedulingflexibilityonthelogicalnetwork paths
withintheschedulemodel.
99.Answer:B.
PMBOK® Guide, pages 210 – 211 , Section 6. 5. 2 , 2 ; and Figure 6 – 16
Critical Path Method
...
Onanynetworkpath,thescheduleflexibilityismeasuredbytheamountoftimethataschedule
activitycanbedelayedorextendedfromitsearlystartdatewithoutdelayingtheprojectfinishdate
or violating a schedule constraint, and is termed total float. A CPM critical path is normally
characterizedbyzerototalfloatonthecriticalpath.AsimplementedwithPDMsequencing,critical
pathsmayhavepositive,zero,ornegativetotalfloatdependingonconstraintsapplied.Anyactivity
onthecriticalpathiscalledacriticalpathactivity.Positivetotalfloatiscausedwhenthebackward
passiscalculatedfromascheduleconstraintthatislaterthantheearlyfinishdatethathasbeen
calculatedduringforwardpasscalculation.Negativetotalfloatiscausedwhenaconstraintonthe
latedatesisviolatedbydurationandlogic.Schedulenetworksmayhavemultiplenear-criticalpaths.
Manysoftwarepackages allowtheuserto definetheparametersusedtodeterminethe critical
path(s).Adjustmentstoactivitydurations(ifmoreresourcesorlessscopecanbearranged),logical
relationships(iftherelationshipswerediscretionarytobeginwith),leadsandlags,orotherschedule
constraintsmaybenecessarytoproducenetworkpathswithazeroorpositivetotalfloat.Oncethe
totalfloatforanetworkpathhasbeencalculated,thenthefreefloat–theamountoftimethata
scheduleactivitycanbedelayedwithoutdelayingtheearlystartdateofanysuccessororviolatinga