http://www.alsenosy.com | http://www.professionalengineers.uso Effective communicationcreatesabridgebetween diversestakeholderswhose differences
willgenerallyhaveanimpactorinfluenceupontheprojectexecutionoroutcome,soitisvital
thatallcommunicationinclearandconcise.
o Communicationcanbedirectedupwardtoseniormanagementstakeholders,downwardto
team members, or horizontally topeers. Thiswill affect the format and contentof the
message.
o Communicationtakesplaceconsciouslyorunconsciouslythroughwords,facialexpressions,
gestures, and other actions. It includes developing strategies and plans for suitable
communicationsartifacts,andtheapplicationofskillstoenhanceeffectiveness.
o Effortis requiredtopreventmisunderstandingsandmiscommunication,andthemethods,
messengers,andmessagesshouldbecarefullyselected.
o Effectivecommunicationdependsondefiningthepurposeofcommunication,understanding
thereceiverofthecommunications,andmonitoringeffectiveness.- Answer: D.
PMBOK® Guide, page 677 , SectionX4.8
Key concepts for Project Risk Management include thefollowing:
All projects are risky. Organizations choose to take project risk in order to create value, while
balancing risk and reward.
Project Risk Management aims to identify and manage risks that are not covered by other project
management processes.
Risk exists at two levels within everyproject:
o Individualprojectriskisanuncertaineventorconditionthat,ifitoccurs,hasapositiveor
negative effect on once or moreproject objectives. Overall project risk is the effect of
uncertainty on the project as awhole, arising from all sourcesof uncertainty,including
individualrisks,representingtheexposureofstakeholderstotheimplicationsofvariationsin
projectoutcome,bothpositiveand negative.ProjectRiskManagementprocessesaddress
bothlevelsofriskinprojects.
o Individualprojectriskscanhaveapositiveornegativeeffecton projectobjectivesif they
occur.Overallprojectriskcanalsobepositiveornegative.
o Riskswillcontinuetoemergeduringthelifetimeoftheproject,soProjectRiskManagement
processesshouldbeconductediteratively.
o Inordertomanageriskeffectivelyonaparticularproject,theprojectteamneedstoknow
whatlevelofriskexposureisacceptableinpursuitofprojectobjectives.Thisisdefinedby
measurablerisk thresholds thatreflect the riskappetite of the organizationand project
stakeholders.- Answer: A.
PMBOK® Guide, page 678 , SectionX4.9