MCAT Organic Chemistry Review 2018-2019

4 . A The keto–enol equilibrium lies far to the keto side because the keto form is significantly more therm ...

9 . B When α-carbons are deprotonated, the negative charge is resonance stabilized in part by the electroneg ...

15 . B The nomenclature in this question is well above what one needs to be able to draw on th ...

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In This Chapter 8.1 Description and Properties Nomenclature Physical Properties 8.2 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids S ...

Chapter Profile The content in this chapter should be relevant to about 10% of all questions about Organic Ch ...

odors. For example, acetic acid (ethanoic acid) is the main ingredient in vinegar; propionic acid (propan ...

8.1 Description and Properties LEARNING GOALS After Chapter 8.1, you will be able to: Explain the underlying caus ...

Like the other functional groups, many carboxylic acids are also named by their common names. Make note ...

Figure 8.4. IUPAC and Common Names of Dicarboxylic Acids PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Many of the physical properties of ...

The hydroxyl hydrogen of a carboxylic acid is quite acidic. This results in a negative charge that rem ...

between the two carboxyl groups (pKa ≈ 9–14). Loss of this acidic hydrogen atom produces a carbanion, ...

What causes the relatively high acidity of carboxylic acids? 1. Between a monocarboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic ...

8.2 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids LEARNING GOALS After Chapter 8.2, you will be able to: Recall the reactant ...

Figure 8.8. Synthesis of a Carboxylic Acid via Oxidation of a Primary Alcohol There are many other methods ...

MCAT EXPERTISE While you may have learned about other acyl derivatives in your organic chemistry classes, s ...

Amides that are cyclic are called lactams and are named by replacing –oic acid with –lactam. They may als ...

Esters are named in the same manner as salts of carboxylic acids. For example, the ester shown in the react ...

reduced to the alcohol. The reaction occurs by nucleophilic addition of hydride to the carbonyl group. The rea ...