USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Obstetrics/Gynecology (Kaplan Test Prep)

Figure I-16-5. Categorization of FHR Patterns ...

Figure I-16-6. Electronic Fetal Monitor Decelerations ...

INTRAUTERINE RESUSCITATION Decrease uterine contractions: Turn off any IV oxytocin infusion or administer terbu ...

FETAL pH ASSESSMENT Intrapartum: Fetal scalp blood pH may be used in labor if the EFM strip is equivocal. ...

CATEGORY III: ABNORMAL TRACINGS A 20-year-old primigravida at 39 weeks’ gestation is in active labor at 7 ...

assisted or obstetrical forceps) may be appropriate, or an emergency cesarean section must be performed. ...

17 ...

OPERATIVE OBSTETRICS ...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe the risks and indications for the use of obstetric forceps, vacuum extractor, emerge ...

OPERATIVE OBSTETRICS Operative obstetrics refers to any method used to deliver the fetus other than uterine contra ...

FORCEPS Obstetric forceps are metal instruments used to provide traction, rotation, or both to the fetal head. ...

Complications can include lacerations to the vagina, cervix, perineum, and uterus (maternal); and soft-tissue compression ...

VACUUM EXTRACTOR A vacuum extractor is a cuplike instrument that is held against the fetal head with sucti ...

Prerequisites for vacuum extractor use include: Complications can include vaginal lacerations from entrapment of vag ...

CESAREAN SECTION Cesarean section is a procedure in which the fetus is delivered through incisions in the ma ...

of bleeding and adhesions is less. Disadvantages are the fetus(es) must be in longitudinal lie; the lower ...

OB TRIAD Low Transverse Uterine Incision Low risk of rupture (0.5% in labor) Less blood loss and adhesions Safe ...

OB TRIAD Classical Uterine Incision Figure I-17-1. Low Segment Transverse Incision Figure I-17-2. Classical Uterine Inci ...

Indications for primary cesarean section include the following: Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) (most common indic ...

ELECTIVE CESAREAN The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) held a consensus conference in March 2006 ...