24 Handbook of herbs and spices
Emerciella nidulans Sterigmatocystin Geeta and Reddy, 1990
(A. nidulans) Nidulotoxin
Fusarium spp. Geeta and Reddy, 1990
Helminthosporium
sativum Geeta and Reddy, 1990
Cumin Mucor sp. Garcia, et al., 2001
Rhizopus sp. Garcia, et al., 2001
Scopuloriopsis sp. Garcia, et al., 2001
Trichoderma spp. Garcia, et al., 2001
Penicillium spp. Garcia, et al., 2001
Mustard A. flavus Aflatoxin B 1 , B 2 Bilgrami et al., 1991
Cyclopiazonic
acid
3-nitropropionic
acid
Alternaria spp. Bilgrami et al., 1991
Eurotium spp. Flannigan and Hui, 1976
(A.glaucus gr)
Fusarium spp. Bilgrami et al., 1991
Oregano Cunninghamella sp. Garcia et al., 2001
Trichoderma sp. Garcia et al., 2001
A. niger Ochratoxin A Garcia et al., 2001
A. versicolor Sterigmatocystin Garcia et al., 2001
Nidulotoxin
Mucor spp. Garcia et al., 2001
Nigrospora sp. Garcia et al., 2001
Chaetomium sp. Garcia et al., 2001
Phoma sp. Garcia et al., 2001
Rhizopus sp. Garcia et al., 2001
Penicillium spp. Garcia et al., 2001
Pepper- Alternaria sp Abou-Arab et al., 1999
mint A. condius Abou-Arab et al., 1999
A. flavus 15.8 Aflatoxin B 1 , B 2 Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Cyclopiazonic
acid
3-nitropropionic
acid
A. niger 15.8 Ochratoxin A Abou-Arab et al., 1999
A. ochraceus Penicillic acid Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Ochratoxin A
Xanthomegnin
Viomellein
Vioxanthin
A. terreus Citrinin Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Citreoviridin
Patulin
Fusarium spp. Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Penicillium sp. Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Trichoderma sp. Abou-Arab et al., 1999
Rosemary Alternaria Abdel-Hafez and Said,
1997
A. flavus Aflatoxin B 1 , B 2 Abdel-Hafez and Said,
Cyclopiazonic 1997
acid
3-nitropropionic
acid
Ta ble 1.8 Continued
Spices Mycobiota Incidence Mycotoxins References
and (%) produced by
herbs moulds according
to the literaturea