Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

Cyclic AMP (cAMP), 244, 245f

Cystic duct, 379, 380f, 382f

Cystic fibrosis, 74b, 490t

Cystitis, 435b

Cytochrome transport system, 403, 405t

Cytokines, 328

Cytoplasm, 50–52, 50f

Cytosol, 50

Cytotoxic T cells, 330

D

Dead-end lymph capillaries, 324f

Deafness, 214b

Deamination, 388, 405, 407f

Deciduous teeth, 371

Decubitus ulcer, 98

Deep fascia, 84t

Deep femoral artery, 297f

Deep palmar artery, 297f

Defecation reflex, 386

Defensins, 90, 327, 329f

Defensive cells (immunity), 328

Dehydration, 98

Delta cells, 237t, 382f

Deltoid muscle, 149b, 152f, 153f, 155f,

156f, 157t

Deltoid tubercle, 124f

Dendrites, 81, 81t, 166, 167f, 170f

postsynaptic neuron, 169f

Dendritic cells. SeeLangerhans cells

Dentin, 372, 372f

Deoxyribonucleic acid. SeeDNA

Depolarization, 171, 172t

Dermis, 95–99

functions, 99t

Descending colon, 371f, 385f

Descending tracts (nervous system), 172

Detached retina, 207

Detoxification (by liver), 389

Detrusor muscle, 431, 432f

Diabetes mellitus, 236, 238b

Diagnosis, fetal, 481b

Diagnostic tests, 334b

Diaphragm, 155t, 348, 348f, 351f, 359f,

375f, 420f

Diaphysis, 106

Diastole, 278

Diastolic blood pressure, 307

Diffusion, 52

Digestion

chemical, 370

completion, 381–385

end products, 370

mechanical, 370

organs, 371f

process, 374t

regulation of secretions, 381t

types, 370

Digestive system, 369–389

Diglyceride, 34

Diploid number, 60

Discs (intervertebral), 120, 120f, 121b

Disease, 4

diagnosis of, 4

self-limiting, 502

sexually transmitted, 466b

vectors, 499

Disinfectant, 505

Dissociation, 26; see alsoIonization

Distal convoluted tubule (nephron), 423f,

424, 426f

Disulfide bonds, 27–28

Diverticula, 384b

DNA, 40f, 41–42, 42t, 56–60, 245f

Dominant allele, 487

Dorsal arch (vein), 298f

Dorsal cavity, 13

Dorsal column (spinal cord), 170f

Dorsal root ganglion, 170f, 172, 185f

Dorsalis pedis, 301t

Dorsiflexion, 150t

Double helix, 56

Down syndrome, 458b

Drew, Charles, 252

Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy, 148b,

490t

Ducts (exocrine glands), 73

Ductus arteriosus, 305, 305f

Ductus deferens, 459f, 460f, 461

Ductus venosus, 304, 305f, 486

Duodenal ulcers, 384b

Duodenum, 371f, 375f, 377f, 378, 382f

Dura mater, 184, 185f, 186f

Dyspnea, 357b

Dystrophin, 148b

E

Ear, 210–215

Eardrum, 210, 211f

Ear wax. SeeCerumen

Eccentric contraction (muscle), 140

Eccrine glands, 98, 99t, 397

ECF. SeeExtracellular fluid

Ectoderm, 477, 480t

Ectopic focus, 282b

Ectopic pregnancy, 465

Edema, 443

Effector, 170, 174

Effector muscle, 170f

Efferent arteriole, 421, 423f, 426f

Efferent lymphatic vessel, 326f

Efferent neuron, 167f, 170

EGFR. SeeEpidermal growth factor

receptor

Ejaculatory duct, 459f, 461

Ejection fraction, 284, 284t

Elastic connective tissue, 78

Elastin, 75, 95

Electrocardiogram (ECG), 282b

Electrolyte imbalances, 447b

Electrolytes, 253f, 445–446

Electron, 24

Elements, 24–42

Embolism, 268

Embryo, 477–480, 479f

Embryo-fetus growth, 482t

Embryonic development, 478f, 479f

Embryonic disc, 477

Embryonic membranes, 477, 477–480

Emphysema, 352b

Enamel, 372, 372f

Encapsulated nerve endings, 199

Endemic, 503

Endocardium, 274, 277t

Endocrine system, 222–245, 224f

Endocytosis, 56

Endoderm, 477, 480t

Endolymph, 212f, 213f

Endometrium, 464f, 465, 479f

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), 51, 52t, 245f

Endothelial cells, 293f

Endothelium, 268, 292, 293f

Endotoxin, 509

Entamoeba histolytica, 513

Enteric nervous system, 376

Enteroendocrine cell, 383f

Enzymes, 38–41, 40

Eosinophils, 253f, 255f, 262

Ependyma, 168t

Epicardium, 82, 274, 277t

Epicranial aponeurosis, 154f

Epidemic, 503

Epidemiology, 503–504

Epidermal growth factor receptor

(EGFR), 61b

Epidermis, 90–93, 92f, 95t

Epididymis, 459–461, 459f, 460f

Epiglottis, 345f, 346, 346f, 347f, 348f

Epinephrine, 237, 237t, 239f, 310f, 396,

397t, 406t

Epiphyseal discs, 108, 110f

Epiphyses, 106

Epithelial membranes, 82, 83f

Epithelial tissue, 4–6, 70–74, 375f

Epithelium. SeeEpithelial tissue

Equilibrium, 210

physiology, 215f

ER. SeeEndoplasmic reticulum, 51

Erythroblastosis fetalis. SeeRh disease

Erythrocytes, 253f, 254, 255f

Erythropoietin, 254, 430, 431b

Escherichia Coli, 499–500

Esophageal artery, 300t

Esophagus, 345f, 371f, 373, 377f

Essential amino acids, 388

Essential fatty acids, 408

Estrogen, 243, 468, 468t, 470t, 481

bone growth, 112t

Index 593

31Scanlon(p3) Index 8/17/06 11:09 AM Page 593