Building Construction Handbook, Eighth Edition

Thermal resistances (R) are a combination of the different structural, surface and air space components which make up an element ...

Typical values in: m^2 K/W Internal surface resistances (Rsi): Walls † 0 123 Floors or ceilings for upward heat flow † 0 104 F ...

Typical values † Material Density (kg/m^3 ) Conductivity () (W/mK) WALLS: Boarding (hardwood) 700 0„1 8 .. .. .. (softwood) 500 ...

Notes: 1. For purposes of calculating U-values, the effect of mortar in external brickwork is usually ignored as the density and ...

* Tables and charts † Insulation manufacturers' design guides and technical papers (walls, roofs and ground floors). * Calculati ...

Various applications to different ground floor situations are considered in BS EN ISO 13370. The following is an example for a s ...

A standard block with mortar is 450¾225 mm = 101250 mm^2 A standard block format of 440¾215 mm =94600 mm^2 The area of mortar pe ...

Combined Method (Wall) This method considers the upper and lower thermal resistance (R) limits of an element of structure. The a ...

Notes: 1. The air space in the loft area is divided between pitched and ceiling components, ie. Ra=0 180 2=0090 m^2 K/W. The ...

Standard Assessment Procedure ~ the Approved Document to Part L of the Building Regulations emphasises the importance of quantif ...

Domestic buildings (England and Wales) ~ The area weighted average U-value for an element of construction depends on the individ ...

Further Quality Procedures (Structure) ~ Provision of insulation to be continuous. Gaps are unacceptable and if allowed to occu ...

European Window Energy Rating Scheme (EWERS) ~ an alternative to U-values for measuring the thermal efficiency of windows. U-val ...

The UK Government's Dept. of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) for energy rating dwellings, i ...

Basis for improvement ~ total annual CO 2 emissions are around 150 million tonnes (MtC). CO 2 represents about 85% of all green ...

In new buildings and those subject to alterations, the objective is to optimise the use of fuel and power to minimise emission o ...

Buildings Other Than Dwellings (England and Wales) ~ Notes: For display windows separate consideration applies. See Section 5 i ...

Thermal Insulation ~ this is required within the roof of all dwellings in the UK. It is necessary to create a comfortable intern ...

Thermal insulation to Walls ~ the minimum performance standards for exposed walls set out in Approved Document L to meet the req ...

Typical examples of contemporary construction practice that achieve a thermal transmittance or U-value below 0„30 W/m^2 K~ 120 m ...