Building Construction Handbook, Eighth Edition

Setting Out Reduced Level Excavations ~ the overall outline of the reduced level area can be set out using a theodolite, ranging ...

Levelling ~ the process of establishing height dimensions, relative to a fixed point or datum. Datum is mean sea level, which va ...

Setting Out---Levelling ...

Theodolite † a tripod mounted instrument designed to measure angles in the horizontal or vertical plane. The theodolite in princ ...

Road Construction ~ within the context of building operations roadworks usually consist of the construction of small estate road ...

Earthworks ~ this will involve the removal of topsoil together with any vegetation, scraping and grading the required area down ...

Rigid Pavings ~ these consist of a reinforced or unreinforced in-situ concrete slab laid over a base course of crushed stone or ...

Joints in Rigid Pavings ~ longitudinal and transverse joints are required in rigid pavings to:- Limit size of slab. Limit st ...

Roads---Footpaths ...

Roads---Kerbs, Pavings and Edgings ...

Concrete paving flags † BS dimensions: Note: All dimensions in millimetres. Tactile flags † manufactured with a blistered (shown ...

Landscaping ~ in the context of building works this would involve reinstatement of the site as a preparation to the landscaping ...

Scaffolds ~ these are temporary working platforms erected around the perimeter of a building or structure to provide a safe work ...

Putlog Scaffolds ~ these are scaffolds which have an outer row of standards joined together by ledgers which in turn support the ...

Independent Scaffolds ~ these are scaffolds which have two rows of standards each row joined together with ledgers which in turn ...

Working Platforms ~ these are close boarded or plated level surfaces at a height at which work is being carried out and they mus ...

Tying-in ~ all putlog and independent scaffolds should be tied securely to the building or structure at alternate lift heights v ...

Mobile Scaffolds ~ otherwise known as mobile tower scaffolds. They can be assembled from pre-formed framing components or from s ...

Some basic fittings ~ Reveal pin Base plate scaffold tube scaffold tube over circular spigot welded to 150 mm square plate circu ...

Patent Scaffolding ~ these are systems based on an independent scaffold format in which the members are connected together using ...