A Student's Introduction to English Grammar

310 Index

deontic modality, 54-6, 57n, 157,
177,213,298
dependent, 13,22-3,225-7,230,
298
dependent genitive, 105, 107-8, 298
descriptive grammar, 4-5
determinative, determinative phrase,
determiner, 16, 19,23,83,88,
90-3,96,98-100,117,195,
280-1,298
dialect, 3-4
direct object, 71-3, 299
direction question, 167
directive, 8, 53, 160, 167, 170-2,299
dislocation, 255
displaced subject, 249
distributive coordination, 234
ditransitive, 78, 244, 299
dummy element, 38, 40, 152,
218-22,249,252,255,260,299
dynamic modality, 54-5

echo question, 167-8
ellipsis, 258-60
end-attachment coordination, 236-7
epistemic modality, 54-5, 57, 299
exclamative, 73, 168-9, 175, 180-1,
299
exhaustive conditional, 179-80
existential, 218, 238-40, 249-51,
299
expanded coordinate, 226, 230, 235,
299
extended existential, extension, 250
external (complement, etc.), 67, 84,
97,121-2,299
extraposed object, 212-13, 249, 299
extraposed subject, extraposition,
26-7,176,178,180,212-13,218,
238-9,247-9,255,257,299

familiarity status, 242
feminine, 103-5
final e deletion, 271
final y replacement, 271-2
finite, 36-7, 96, 174, 299
first person imperative, 170-1
foregrnunded element, 251-4
foreign plural, 278-9
formal vs informal style, 3-5, 75, 90,
106, 110, 138-9, 153, 156, 165-6,
171,176,190-1,199,202,210,
245, 249n, 253, 255,278-9, 286
fossilisation, 143, 231, 299
free element, 282
fronting, 72-3, 138, 143, 165, 168,
187,299

function, 14-15,64,77, 93n, 107,

228-9

fused determiner-head, 98-9

fusedhead,97-IOO, 110,117,

259-60,299-300

fused modifier-head, 99-100,

114-15

fused relative, 191-2, 254, 299

futurate, 45, 53, 300

future tense, 56

gapped coordination, gapping, 222n,

235

gender, 103-5, 190, 300

general definition/term, 7-9, 41-2,

68-70,83,128,137,160

genitive, 23, 90, 105, 107-10,

279-80,300

gerund,32

gerund-participial/participle, 30,

32-3,96,116,135-6,204,210,

213-14,219,247,273,300

get-passive, 245

goal, 142,300

gradability, gradable, 19, 118, 133-4,

300

grade, 112, 115, 123, 195-202,

280-1,300

grammatical, 2

grammaticised use of preposition,

136-7, 142

head, 13,22-3,63, 130,225-7,230,

300

heavy element, 248

historic present, 46

hollow clause, 211, 250, 300

idiom, 144-7,300

imperative, 8-9, 24-5, 31-2, 36,152,

161,170-2,300

imperfective, 42-3, 52, 300

incorrect, 4-5

indefinite article, 92, 97, 117, 300

independent genitive, 105, 107-8,300

indirect complement, 95, 121,

211-12,300

indirect object, 71-3, 301

infinitival, 31-2, 36, 96, 210,

215-19,247,260,301

inflection, 15-16, 17, 19,29-35,82,

93, 105, 112, 128, 133-4, 152-3,

199,264-81,301

informal style: see formal vs

informal style

information packaging, 26-7,

238-61,301

information question, 167

initialism, 287

integrated relative, 187-91,301

internal (complement, etc.), 67, 84,

95-7,248,301

internalised complement, 241-3

interrogative, 8, 14,24,68, 139, 155,

161-8, 172, 177-80, 190, 192,

212-13,301

interrogative phrase, 164, 178

intervening NP, 215-16, 220

intonation, 162-4, 187,255

intransitive, 78, 30 I

inversion, 256-8

irrealis, 58, 301

irregular, 33-4, 268-9, 301

it-cleft, 251-3, 301

joint coordination, 234

language-particular definition, 7-9,

69-70

layered coordination, 232-3

left dislocation, 255

letter, 268

lexeme, 15-22,264-5,302

lexical base, 31, 264-6, 302

lexical morphology, 264-5,

281-8

lexical verb, 18, 37, 302

lexicalisation, 287-8

licensing, 65-6, 95, 302

location, 142

long passive, 243

lower-level coordination, 233-4

main clause, 25, 36, 161, 174, 186,

302

main-clause coordination, 233-4

mandative, 176-7

masculine, 103-5

matrix clause, 174, 302

modal auxiliary, 37, 39-41, 54-8,

302

modal preterite, 46-8, 58, 302

modal remoteness, 46-8, 50

modality, 53, 56-7

modifier, 20, 22-3, 79-80, 99-100,

119,125,141-2,302

monotransitive, 78

mood,41-2,53-9,302

morphological modification, 266

morphological operation, 266

morphology, 6, 264-88

multiple marking of negation, 3,

156

mute e 271, 302