Encyclopedia of Biology

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Wagner-Jauregg, Julius (1857–1940) AustrianNeu- rologist, Psychiatrist Julius Wagner was born on March 7, 1857, in Wels, Austria ...

and head of the department, and nine years later he was appointed director of the Institute of Microbiology. He retired in 1958. ...

dollars, sea urchins) that draws water from the sur- rounding sea and passes it through a perforated plate called the madreporit ...

later became an instructor in the department of com- parative pathology and tropical medicine and an asso- ciate professor in th ...

miasis is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma brucei gambiense.East African trypanosomiasis is caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhode ...

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XANES(X-ray absorption near edge structure) See EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE. X chromosome The nuclei of human cells ...

There is a primary and secondary xylem. Xylem is made up of tracheids (long, dead cells that function as conductors), vessel ele ...

353 Y chromosome The nuclei of human cells contain 22 autosomes (any chromosome that is not a sex chromo- some) and two sex chro ...

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355 Z-DNA (zigzag DNA) A region of DNA that is “flipped” into a left-handed helix. DNA adopts the Z configuration when purines a ...

climbing birds (e.g., parrots, woodpeckers). The first and fourth toes are directed backward, while it is the second and third t ...

357 BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbott, Derek, and Laszlo B. Kish. In Unsolved Problems of Noise and Fluctuations: Upon’99,Second International ...

Butler, John M. Forensic DNA Typing: Biology & Technology behind STR Markers.San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, 2001. Chiueh ...

Gavin, Ray H. Cytoskeleton Methods and Protocols.Totowa, N.J.: Humana Press, 2000. Gibbs, R. D. Chemotaxonomie of Flowering Plan ...

Kirby, Lorne T. DNA Fingerprinting: An Introduction.New York: Stockton Press, 1990. Kitano, Hiroaki. Foundations of Systems Biol ...

Novacek, Michael J., and American Museum of Natural His- tory. The Biodiversity Crisis: Losing What Counts.New York: New Press, ...

Weissmann, Gerald. The Year of the Genome: A Diary of the Biological Revolution.New York: Times Books, 2002. Wheeler, Alfred Geo ...

363 BIOLOGY-RELATED WEBSITES A SAMPLE OF INTERNET SITES CONTAINING A WEALTH OF BIOLOGICAL DATA Ask a Biologist. Available on-lin ...