Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology

GERMINATION AND EMERGENCE 99

Ilex aquifoliumI. glabraI. opacaI. verticillataI. vomitoria

HollyAquifoliaceae

Juglans nigra

Black walnutJuglandaceae

Juniperus communisJ. virginiana

JuniperCupressaceae

Kalmia latifolia

Mountain laurelEricaceae

Koelreuteria paniculata

Golden rain treeFabaceae

Larix deciduaL. laricina

LarchPinaceae

BESBESBESBESBES DT ESES BES DT DT

(conifer)

Oct.–winterOct.–winterOct.–winterOct.–winterOct.–winterOct.–Nov. Sept.–winterSept.–winterOct.–Nov.Sept.–Oct. Sept.–winterSept.–winter

Dry, in sealed

container

Dry, in sealed

container

Dry, in sealed

container

Dry, in sealed

container

Dry, in sealed

container

1 

years at

1–5

C and

20–50%moisturecontent

2 

years at

1–5°C and10–12%moisturecontent

10



years dry at

room temp.

1–2 years dry at

1–5

C

3 

years at

1–5

C

H

SO 2

30 min 4

H

SO 2

30 min 4

H

SO 2

30 min 4

H

SO 2

30 min 4

H

SO 2

30 min 4

1–2 hr H

SO 2

4

for

fresh seed orsoak in hotwater and letcool for 24 hr

None fall

sow

None fall

sow2–3 2–3

None–fall

sow 2–3

(^32) 3–4 (^3) 2–3 (^1) 1–21–2
If fall sown outdoors,
Ilex
seed may require up to 3years in nature tocomplete germination.Fresh seeds sownimmediately aftercollection may hastengermination by up to oneyear for
I. vomitoria
.
Choose either acidtreatment or fall sowing.
See note 5.Protect against rodents if fall
sown outdoors.
See note 5. No special pretreatment
required. Light requiredfor germination.
Collect before capsules open.Seeds may germinate after
acid treatment only,depending on the state ofdormancy. Fall-sown freshseed gives best results.
Fresh seeds may germinate
without pretreatment ifexposed to light aftersowing.
continues