rbcS transcript abundance, 39–41
C/d4/D species, rising CO/d2/D and, 39–40
CAM species, rising CO/d2/D and, 40–41
rising CO/d2/D and, 39
Recalcitrant seeds, temperature and, 26
Recycling, waste, plants and, 932–933, 935–936
atmospheric regeneration, 935
spaceflight testing, 935–936
Red beet, 369, 374
Red fescue, 626
Red light, 699
Redroot, 171
Reflectance, surface, transpiration efficiency and,
837–838
Refrigerated water, hydro cooling in, 29
Regnellidium diphyllum, 517
Replacement
potassium, 373
sodium, 374
Reproductive structure of plant, 57
Reseda idirata, 87
Resistance, herbicides, 774–775, 778
Resorption, 354
Respiration, 1–11, 25, 27, 28, 40, 172, 186, 191,
301, 305, 307, 309, 314, 320, 410, 412,
415, 428, 467, 583, 584, 639, 827, 912,
915, 918, 919, 923, 930, 936
senescense, 186–187
Respiratory burst oxidative homolog A, 712
Respiratory loss, 824
Respiratory metabolism, 2
Respiratory process, photosynthetic gas exchange,
309–318
chlororesperation, 315–318
physical significance, 316–318
dark respiration, 309–310
maintenance respiration, 313–315
photorespiration, 310–313
Resurrection plant, 747
Rhamnus frangula, 105
Rhizobium meliloti, 883
Rhizoctonia solani, 23
Rhizopus suinus, 503
Rhodegrass, 625
Rhodobacter sphaeroides, 766, 883
Rhododendron maximum, 105
Ribes alpinum, 105
Rice, 39, 374, 567, 631, 640, 641, 685, 927
Ripening, defined, 144
Rivers
of Australasia, sodium level, 364
North America, sodium level, 364
RNA, 39, 119–124, 145, 185–188, 191–193, 195,
217–219, 221, 231, 236, 237, 240, 241,
243, 246, 248, 250, 251, 270, 272–274,
311, 387, 428, 431, 458, 477, 506, 512,
531, 532, 540–544, 546, 552–554, 639,
660, 661, 666, 669, 670, 674, 705, 706,
711, 713, 737–743, 745, 747, 766, 794,
795, 808, 814, 893
Robinia pseudoacacia, 105
Roots, 353, 507–508, 625, 838, 858–861
systems, transpiration efficiency and, 838
Rosa canina, 105
Rosa hybrida, 919
Rose, 919
Rubis idaeus, 149–150
Rubisco, 26–42, 117, 119–124, 193–195, 274, 302,
310–313, 319, 327–328, 334, 408,
827–829, 839, 841, 894, 896
Rubisco antisensemutants, source strength,
119–120
RuBP, 36, 408, 572, 822, 828
Rubus fruticosus, 207
Rudbeckia fulgida, 22
Rudbeckia kirta, 87
Rudbeckia speciosa, 510
Rumex obtusifolia, 521
Rutabaga, 374
Rye, 374
Ryegrass, 918Saccharomyces, 892
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 814
Saccharomyces pombe, 235
Sagebrush, 7
St. Augustine grass, 624
St. John’s wort, 487, 488–489
Salicornia, 8–9, 369, 619, 641
Salicornia europeaca, 641
Salicornia rubra, 8
Salicornia utahensis, 8, 9
Salicornioa herbacea, 369
Salicylic acid, 663
Saline plants, 563–582
adaptions of, 565–566
halophytes, 564, 569–571
metabolic products, physiology of, 572–574
proline content, halophytes, seasonal variations
in, 568
salt stress, 567–568
salt tolerance, mechanisms of, 566
stomatal behavior, halophytes, 574–576
stomatal density leaves, seasonal variations in,
halophytes, 576
sugar, halophytes, seasonal variations, 573
Salinity, 566, 568, 615–620, 623–631, 640–643,
857–880, 896
effect on growth, 616–617966 INDEX
[RNA]