Chronology xli J1166
¶ Death of Sufi master Abd al-Qadir al-Jilani in
Baghdad.
1171
¶ End of the Fatimid dynasty; Salah al-Din founds
the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt.
1187
¶ Saladin retakes Jerusalem from crusaders.
1192
¶ Muhammad of Ghur leads Muslim conquest of
northern and eastern India.
1193
¶ Death of Salah ad-Din, Ayyubid sultan.
1198
¶ Death of Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Andalusian phi-
losopher and jurist.
1199
¶ Conquest of northern India and Bengal by
Ghurids.
1203
¶ Founding of Mongol Empire by Genghis Khan.
1206
¶ Ghurids establish the Delhi Sultanate in India.
1209
¶ Death of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, theologian.
1215
¶ Mongol invasion of the Middle East begins.
1230
¶ Death of Muin al-Din Chishti, leading Sufi saint
in India.1234
¶ Death of Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi, Sufi
teacher and founder of the Suhrawardi Sufi
order.1240
¶ Death of Ibn al-Arabi, Sufi philosopher, in
Damascus.1250–1519
¶ Mamluk dynasties rule Egypt and Syria.1258
¶ The Mongols sack Baghdad, ending Abbasid
Caliphate.1260
¶ Mongols are defeated by the Mamluks of Egypt
at Ayn Jalut in Syria.1273
¶ Death of Jalal al-Din Rumi, Sufi poet and
teacher, in Konya.1320?
¶ Death of Yunus Emre, Turkish mystic and
poet.1325
¶ Death of Nizam al-Din Awliya of Delhi, Sufi
saint of the Chishti order.1328
¶ Death of Ibn Taymiyya, Hanbali jurist.