Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering, Volume I and II

296 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES stimulated by economic measures such as taxation, that lead to the internalization of all of the ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 297 and an advanced conversion system may also be dictated. Both near- and long-term measures must b ...

298 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES are used at efficiencies of 60% to 75%, while fuels used for transportation are converted first ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 299 The medium-range forecast for the year 2000, summarized in Table 1 indicates a shift in energy d ...

300 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES with synthetic materials. This dilemma suggests, for the long term, the implementation of an all ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 301 remains or will be again accepted by political authorities and population, proceed nearer to the ...

302 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES design of the combustion chamber to prevent regions of insufficient air and by providing residen ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 303 This ratio may still change for the worse, since: 1) the combustion of oil will decrease, especi ...

304 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES and unburnt fuel in vehicular exhausts. Emission factors for various sources of hydrocarbons are ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 305 carry petroleum products. In 1969 there were 1007 reported spills of oil in quantities over 100 ...

306 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES by calcination or fixation in glassy materials, which would be stored underground in isolated ge ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 307 level of 35–40 db (A) is acceptable, the critical level of noise begins with 40 db (A), above 40 ...

1.58
10 12 tons of coal in the US in seams at least 14 inches thick and at depths of less than 3000 feet, and about half of th ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 309 with 15 to 30% of the original energy content of the coal with the balance in the coke that is p ...

310 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES Other estimates are higher than this by a factor of 2 or 3. The world resources are felt to be b ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 311 producing another atom of helium-4, an additional 4.8 MeV of energy, and most importantly, an at ...

312 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES America various sites on the Bay of Fundy have a total poten- tial for the production of about 2 ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 313 described in the following as a example of a solar power plant. In this CRS (Central Receiver Sy ...

314 ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES worthy of generous support by governments. In any case, the studies will be continued, and progr ...

ENERGY SOURCES—ALTERNATIVES 315 Centralized Power Plants To take advantage of economies of scale, electrical energy is generated ...