Physical Chemistry Third Edition

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1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids PRINCIPAL FACTS AND IDEAS The principal goal of physical chemistry is to understand the pro ...

4 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids 1.1 Introduction Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, 1743–1794, was a great French chemist who was ...

1.1 Introduction 5 need to be able to apply mathematical methods. There are several books that cover the application of mathemat ...

6 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids several variables, you can manipulate the equation symbolically to turn any one of them in ...

1.1 Introduction 7 Vm 53105 13105 0.05 0.1 T 5 1000K T P P T 5 500K T 5 373K T 5 273K 0 /Nm 22 Vm/m^3 mol^21 273 373 1000 0.05 0 ...

8 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids fuel before reaching its destination. Fortunately, the pilot was able to glide to a former ...

1.1 Introduction 9 The Mole and Avogadro’s Constant Theformula unitof a substance is the smallest amount of a substance that ret ...

10 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids Solution The Celsius temperature differs from the absolute temperature by 273.15 K, but t ...

1.1 Introduction 11 EXAMPLE 1.3 The speed of sound in dry air at a density of 1.293 g L−^1 and a temperature of 0◦Cis 331 .45 m ...

12 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids 1.5The parsec is a distance used in astronomy, defined to be a distance from the sun such ...

1.2 Systems and States in Physical Chemistry 13 Hose Valve Part of surroundings Piston Cylinder External force exerted here Syst ...

14 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids (the mass of the system) are extensive variables, whereasP andT are intensive variables. ...

1.2 Systems and States in Physical Chemistry 15 df ( ∂f ∂x ) y,z dx+ ( ∂f ∂y ) x,z dy+ ( ∂f ∂z ) x,y dz (1.2-5) where (∂f /∂x)y ...

16 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids Exercise 1.2 Takezaxln(y/b), whereaandbare constants. a.Find the partial derivatives (∂z ...

1.2 Systems and States in Physical Chemistry 17 where≈means “is approximately equal to” and where we use the common notation ∆V ...

18 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids The fractional change is ∆V V ≈−κT∆P−(4. 57 × 10 −^5 bar−^1 )(49.00 bar)− 2. 24 × 10 −^ ...

1.2 Systems and States in Physical Chemistry 19 The volume of the object is equal toL^3 ,so V(T+dT)L(T)^3 ( 1 +αLdT^3 ) L(T)^3 ...

20 1 The Behavior of Gases and Liquids PROBLEMS Section 1.2: Systems and States in Physical Chemistry 1.13 Show that the three p ...

1.3 Real Gases 21 1.3 Real Gases Most gases obey the ideal gas law to a good approximation when near room temperature and at a m ...