Physical Chemistry Third Edition

1306 J Symbols Used in This Book

Symbol Quantity

t 1 / 2 Half-life of a chemical reaction

tC Celsius temperature

T Absolute temperature

Tc Critical temperature

Tr Reduced temperature

u(x,y,z) Potential energy of one molecule

u(r) Potential energy function for a pair of molecules as a function

of internuclear distance

u Flow velocity

U Thermodynamic energy (internal energy)

v Velocity vector

v Speed (magnitude of a velocity)

vrel Relative speed

〈v〉 Mean speed

vp Most probable speed

vrms Root-mean-square speed

V Volume

Vm Molar volume

Vmc Critical molar volume

Vr Reduced volume

V Voltage

V Potential energy

w An amount of work

wnet Work other than compression work

wrev Reversible work

w A general mass (malso used)

wi Mass of substancei

Wx Mass fraction of polymer molecules with degree of polymerizationx

xi Mole fraction of substancei

x Degree of polymerization

Xx Number fraction of polymer molecules with degree of

polymerizationx

Y Letter used to stand for a general extensive thermodynamic variable

Such asG,H,U,V, etc.

Ym Symbol used to stand for a general molar or mean molar quantity,

Such asGm,Vm, and so on

∆fY(i) Symbol used to stand for a general molar quantity of formation,

such as∆fG(i)or∆fH(i)

Y ̄i Symbol for a general partial molar quantity, such asGi,Vi, and so on

Y ̄i◦ Symbol used to stand for a general partial molar quantity,

such asGi,Vi, in the standard state

Ym∗i Symbol used to stand for a general molar quantity, such asGmi,

Vmi, etc., in the pure state

∆Ymix Symbol used to stand for a general mixing quantity such as

the change in Gibbs energy on mixing,∆Gmix, etc.

zi(j) Rate of collisions of a molecule of substanceiwith molecules of

substancej

zi Valence of ioni

Z Compression factor of a gas