No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam

96 No god but God and, in the words of F. E. Peters, “refashion Islam as an alternative to Judaism.” There are two problems with ...

Fight in the Way of God 97 example, that by the sixth century C.E., there was, as noted by H. G. Reissener, complete agreement a ...

98 No god but God similar perspectives, and both had nearly identical moral and ethical values. Where there was disagreement bet ...

Fight in the Way of God 99 rabbinical authorities of their time by planting their words in Muham- mad’s mouth. If Muhammad’s bio ...

100 No god but God Christians, and Muslims shared a single divine scripture but also that they constituted a single divine Ummah ...

Fight in the Way of God 101 Jerusalem as a holy city; indeed, after Mecca and Medina, Jerusalem is the most sacred city in the w ...

102 No god but God What the Quran does not accept, however, is the belief of those Orthodox Trinitarians who argued that Jesus w ...

Fight in the Way of God 103 nation in the world” (2:47), when he raged against the Christians for abandoning their faith and con ...

�� 104 No god but God none but God; that we make none God’s equal; and that we take no other as lord except God” (3:64). It is a ...

Fight in the Way of God 105 grimage rites undisturbed. Adding insult to injury, Muhammad would be required to sign the treaty no ...

106 No god but God behind him, only to find the city’s inhabitants welcoming him with open arms. After accepting Mecca’s surrend ...

������ 5. The Rightly Guided Ones THE SUCCESSORS TO MUHAMMAD A STIRRING AT THE rear of the congregation, and every head turns to ...

108 No god but God leader in Arabia. Ironically, the movement that had begun as an attempt to reclaim the tribal ethic of Arabia ...

The Rightly Guided Ones 109 friend to remain seated and continue with the service. The prayers resume, and Muhammad finds a quie ...

110 No god but God Part of the reason for the community’s anxiety over Muhammad’s death was that he had done so little to prepar ...

The Rightly Guided Ones 111 dency to think of Islam as having been both completed and perfected at the end of Muhammad’s life. B ...

112 No god but God consensus as to who that leader should be. The Ansar in Medina had already taken the initiative of choosing a ...

The Rightly Guided Ones 113 and given the apt but rather vague title Khalifat Rasul Allah, “the Suc- cessor to the Messenger of ...

�� 114 No god but God life. And while it would be a mistake to consider these religious clerics and scholastic theologians as co ...

The Rightly Guided Ones 115 community to how the community should be led. It was even unclear who could and could not be conside ...