unsigned decimal integer, displaying, 152
uppercase
ANSI support for, 510
converting to, 501
user-defined data types, C++ structures, 666
user-defined functions, 30
illustrated, 98-99V
values of functions, returning, 111-113
variable argument list tools, 524
variable storage classes, 296
variables, 32, 43, 198-200, 387. See alsopoint-
ers
arrays, 176
maximum size, 188
C++, declaring, 653
C++ structures, 666
case sensitivity, 798-800
character classification functions, 809-814
characters, 225-227
declaring, 224
initializing, 224
choosing between classes, 296
converting character cases, 814-815
counter
decrementing, 128
incrementing, 128
data types
char, 224
size of, 801-809
declaring, 48
displaying with printf() function, 153
external, 288
creating, 290
scope, 289
global, 110
global.Seeexternal variablesin functions, 99
initializing, 49
lifetime, 286
local, 100, 110, 291
creating, 291-296
main function, 296
of functions, writing, 108-110
static versus automatic, 291-294
memory address, 196
multi-argument functions, 523-526
name length, 44
naming, 44
numeric, 44-48
passing by value, 516
pointers, 198-200
creating, 196-197
data types, 201-202
declaring, 197-198
initializing, 198
scope, 286-288
structures, 30, 99, 250. See alsoarguments
accessing members, 251-252
arrays of, 260-263
declaring, 250-251
defining, 250-251
initializing, 263-266
of arrays, 257-259
of structures, 254-257
passing to functions, 273-275
pointers as members, 266-268
pointers to, 268-270
pointers to arrays of, 270-273
struct keyword, 253-254
typedef keyword, 281
typedef keyword, 49
unions, 275
accessing members, 276-277
declaring, 275-276
defining, 275-276
initializing, 275-276
union keyword, 278-280variables 929How can we make this index more useful? Email us at [email protected]51 448201x-Index 8/13/02 11:23 AM Page 929