The Psychology of Self-Esteem

activated by his choice lead in the direction of cognitive efficacy. To the extent that he fails or refuses to make awareness th ...

This basic type of confidence must be distinguished from other, more superficial and localized types of self- confidence, which ...

In order to seek values, man must consider himself worthy of enjoying them. In order to fight for his happiness, he must conside ...

of living in an unintelligible, bewildering, and frightening universe, in which cognitive self-confidence is impossible. Sometim ...

achieving efficacy, he surrenders the possibility of achieving full self-esteem. Every child realizes that there are things he c ...

If, as a young person matures, he maintains the will to understand, he will be led, necessarily, to the policy of conceptualizin ...

which, in a given case, may or may not be appropriate to reality. To judge the appropriateness or validity of his emotional resp ...

He is free, subsequently, to repudiate this principle consciously and expunge it from his psychology. But if he fails to do so, ...

to avoid the dog, as a practical, precautionary measure, and cease to feel any further concern; later, he may learn that the dog ...

Here, again, children can react to their own apprehension in different ways. One child's chief concern is with the value of succ ...

not being "accepted"; or if a man retreats from the challenges of life and buries himself in the "safety" of the routine, the fa ...

the rational avoidance of real and practical dangers to which there is no reason to expose oneself. In fact, opposite principles ...

cognitive burden of his existence. But if he does so, the result is a sense of alienation from reality—a sense of being "a stran ...

them. These choices have long-term psychological consequences. The way a man chooses to deal with reality registers in his mind, ...

himself for inadequacy or moral failure. Yet he does so, telling himself that "somehow" he should know the things he does not kn ...

Self-Esteem and Productive Work In analyzing the psychology of self-esteem, one of the most important aspects to consider is the ...

reality. But metaphysical efficacy is not confined, in its expression, to any particular form of activity: it is applicable to, ...

not ended; when he discovered how to build a shelter out of stone, then out of brick, then out of glass and steel, his need of t ...

efficacy. As the child learns to move his body, to crawl, to walk, to bang a spoon against a table and produce a sound, to build ...

It must be emphasized that productive achievement is a consequence and an expression of healthy self-esteem, not its cause. The ...