0071643192.pdf

TOXICOLOGY ■ Recently approved as an antidote for cyanide poisoning in the United States ■ It reacts with CN to form cyanocobala ...

TOXICOLOGY ■ Most patients will not require further therapy. ■ Antidote = sodium nitrite (if prolonged symptoms). ■ Induces meth ...

TOXICOLOGY DIAGNOSIS ■ Clinical diagnosis based on history and examination ■ Lithium levels: ■ Measure 4–6 hours postingestion, ...

TOXICOLOGY Effect is usually local only, but may become systemic with: ■ Inadvertent injection into a blood vessel ■ Use of larg ...

TOXICOLOGY ■ Theophylline:While it was once a very popular therapy for asthma and COPD, newer, safer, and more selective medicat ...

TOXICOLOGY SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ The classic triad includes CNS depression, respiratory depression, and pin- point pupils. ■ Pinpoint ...

TOXICOLOGY SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ Acute toxic ingestion: Typically divided into four stages or phases (see Table 6.22). ■ The most seve ...

TOXICOLOGY TREATMENT ■ Supportive therapy as indicated. ■ Activated charcoal: If <4 hours (2 hours per recent study) from tim ...

TOXICOLOGY COMPLICATIONS ■ Liver failure → ■ Metabolic acidosis ■ Hepatorenal syndrome ■ Coagulopathy ■ Infection ■ Cerebral ede ...

TOXICOLOGY SYMPTOMS/EXAM ■ Acute ingestion ■ Early symptoms include N/V, tinnitus, hearing loss, hyperventilation, and hyperther ...

TOXICOLOGY Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase, causing decreased prostaglandin format ...

TOXICOLOGY ■ Phase 1: Gastrointestinal phase ■ N/V/D, gastrointestinal bleeding from corrosive effect ■ No vomiting within 6 hou ...

TOXICOLOGY ■ Antidotal therapy: Deferoxamine ■ Chelating agent ■ Indications: ■ Systemic illness (severe acidosis, shock) ■ Seru ...

TOXICOLOGY PESTICIDES/INSECTICIDES/RODENTICIDES EMS presents with a 54-year-old male farm worker who called EMS after ingesting ...

TOXICOLOGY A 2-year-old girl is brought in to the ED by her parents following sus- pected ingestion of rat poison containing dif ...

TOXICOLOGY DIAGNOSIS ■ Specific testing for strychnine is not available. TREATMENT ■ Benzodiazepines or barbituates are administ ...

TOXICOLOGY ■ Activated charcoal ■ Multiple-dose activated charcoal: If large phenobarbital overdose ■ Whole-bowel irrigationif l ...

TOXICOLOGY A 21-year-old male is brought in by the police after being found running naked in the park on a hot summer night. Phy ...

TOXICOLOGY TABLE 6.25. Antidotes for Specific Toxicologic Agents ANTIDOTE INGESTION/EXPOSURE INDICATIONS FORTREATMENT Atropine C ...

TOXICOLOGY TABLE 6.25. Antidotes for Specific Toxicologic Agents (Continued) ANTIDOTE INGESTION/EXPOSURE INDICATIONS FORTREATMEN ...