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speaking they are particles rather than electromagnetic radiation, although in some of their behaviour they do exhibit the prope ...

Resistance to ionizing radiation depends on the ability of the organism to repair the damage caused. Inactivation kinetics are g ...

but also to a strong desire to demonstrate that nuclear technology could offer the human race something other than mass destruct ...

each irradiation; a condition that is readily preventable by good hygienic practices and is most unlikely to occur. The levels o ...

50 countries, the USA, South Africa, the Netherlands, Thailand and France being among the leading exponents. In South Africa 1,7 ...

subjected to 410 MPa for 30 min remained in good condition after 5 years storage. He also noted that the microbicidal activity o ...

With the exceptions noted above, adverse effects on the product are slight; nutritional quality, flavour, appearance and texture ...

endogenous enzymes, the useful life of many foods can be increased by storage at low temperatures. Though this has been known si ...

variety of new products including complete meals, prepared and delica- tessen salads, dairy desserts and many others. Three main ...

general rule, storage temperature should be as low, and as tightly controlled, as possible. The ability of organisms to grow at ...

however pathogens that will continue to grow at some chill temperatures and the key role of chilling in the modern food industry ...

Micro-organisms are affected by each phase of the freezing process. In cooling down to the temperature at which freezing begins, ...

exposure to these conditions is minimized. Food freezing processes are not designed however to maximize microbial lethality but ...

Gloucester cheese. These and subsequent investigations, notably those sponsored by the journalLancet, led directly to the introd ...

codes for food additives used throughout the European Union). Their structures are presented in Figure 4.11. The antimicrobial e ...

in Chapter 9. They differ from the other acids and esters described here in that they are usually present in amounts sufficient ...

than carboxylic acids. They are much weaker acids with pKavalues of 8.5 and so are predominantly uncharged even at neutral pH. T ...

reduction of nitrate present as an impurity in the crude salt used, but now nitrate, or more commonly nitrite itself, is added a ...

produce ATP (Figure 4.12). Ferredoxin acts as a carrier for the electrons removed in the oxidation step and which are ultimately ...

Awareness of the problem has led to changes in production practices for cured meats such as the use of low levels of nitrite in ...