A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

130 MOVEMENT DISORDERS AND DEGENERATIVE CNS DISEASE Key points Myasthenia gravis Auto-antibodies to nicotinic acetylcholine rec ...

ALZHEIMER’SDISEASE 131 Cholinergic crisis Treatment of myasthenia with anticholinesterases can be use- fully monitored clinicall ...

132 MOVEMENT DISORDERS AND DEGENERATIVE CNS DISEASE Case history A 21-year-old woman was treated with an anti-emetic because of ...

●Introduction 133 ●Mechanisms of action of anti-epileptic drugs 133 ●General principles of treatment of epilepsy 133 ●Drug inter ...

134 ANTI-EPILEPTICS Are there remediable or reversible factors that aggravate the epilepsy or precipitate individual attacks? I ...

GENERALPRINCIPLES OFTREATMENT OFEPILEPSY 135 absolute arbiter. The availability of plasma concentration moni- toring of anticonv ...

136 ANTI-EPILEPTICS PHENYTOIN Use Phenytoinis effective in the treatment of tonic–clonic and par- tial seizures, including compl ...

GENERALPRINCIPLES OFTREATMENT OFEPILEPSY 137 concentration. The time to approach a plateau plasma concen- tration is longer than ...

138 ANTI-EPILEPTICS Pharmacokinetics Oralclonazepamis well absorbed and the t1/2is about 30 hours. Neither therapeutic nor adver ...

WITHDRAWAL OFANTI-EPILEPTICDRUGS 139 FURTHER ANTI-EPILEPTICS Other drugs licensed for use in certain forms of epilepsy in the UK ...

140 ANTI-EPILEPTICS dose should be reduced gradually (e.g. over six months or more) with strict instructions to report any seizu ...

FEBRILECONVULSIONS 141 FURTHER READING Anon. When and how to stop antiepileptic drugs in adults. Drugs and Therapeutics Bulletin ...

●Pathophysiology 142 ●Drugs used for the acute migraine attack 142 ●Drugs used for migraine prophylaxis 143 CHAPTER 23 MIGRAINE ...

DRUGSUSED FORMIGRAINEPROPHYLAXIS 143 and zolmitriptan.Sumatriptan is also of value in cluster headache. Importantly, they can ca ...

144 MIGRAINE The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline(see Chapter 20) is not licensed for this indication, but can afford good ...

●General anaesthetics 145 ●Inhalational anaesthetics 145 ●Intravenous anaesthetics 148 ●Supplementary drugs 149 ●Sedation in the ...

Pulmonary blood flow– an increase in cardiac output results in an increase in pulmonary blood flow and more agent is removed fr ...

INHALATIONALANAESTHETICS 147 is the theoretical concern of a ‘coronary steal’ effect in patients with ischaemic heart disease. C ...

148 ANAESTHETICS AND MUSCLE RELAXANTS infants among female operating department staff. Although much of the evidence is controve ...

SUPPLEMENTARYDRUGS 149 Respiratory system– apnoea following injection may require assisted ventilation. If opioids are also adm ...