Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

98 UNIT IV PROMOTING HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN

Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing:

Prioritization Questions

1.Place the following stages of Sigmund Freud’s

theory of psychoanalytic development in the

order in which they occur:

a.Phallic stage

b.Latency stage

c.Oral stage

d.Genital stage

e.Anal stage

4.According to Jean Piaget, during the

years, an individual integrates

others’ viewpoints into his/her own

understanding of truth.

5.Freud identified the underlying stimulus for

human behavior as sexuality, which he called

.

6. is the process of integrating new
   experiences into existing schemata.
   7.The stage of Piaget’s theory of
   cognitive development is characterized by
   the use of abstract thinking and deductive
   reasoning.
   8.Levinson and associates based their theory of
   human development on the organizing
   concept of.

MATCHING EXERCISES

Match Erikson’s stages of development listed in

Part A with the appropriate example listed in

Part B. Some answers will be used more than

once.

PART A

a.Trust versus mistrust

b.Autonomy versus shame and doubt

c.Initiative versus guilt

d.Industry versus inferiority

e.Identity versus role confusion

f.Intimacy versus isolation

g.Generativity versus stagnation

h.Ego integrity versus despair

PART B

1. A 10-year-old boy proudly displays his
   principal’s award certificate.


2. An infant believes that his parents will
   feed him.


3. A 22-year-old woman picks a circle of
   friends with whom she spends her free
   time.


4. A 13-year-old girl fights with her mother
   about appropriate dress.


5. A nursing home resident reflects
   positively on her past life experiences.


6. A l5-year-old boy worries about how his
   classmates treat him.

2.Place the following stages of Havighurst’s the-

ory of development (developmental tasks) in

the order in which they occur:

a.Achieving gender-specific social role;

achieving independence; acquiring a set of

values and ethical system to guide behavior

b.Learning sex differences; forming concepts;

getting ready to read

c.Learning to walk; learning to talk; learning

to control body waste elimination

d.Achieving social and civic responsibility;

accepting and adjusting to physical

changes

e.Learning physical skills; learning to get

along with others; developing conscience

and morality

f.Adjusting to decreasing physical status and

health; adjusting to retirement

DEVELOPING YOUR

KNOWLEDGE BASE

FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS

1.The second trend in growth and development

is , meaning that growth

progresses from gross motor movements to

fine motor movements.

2.According to developmental theorist Sigmund

Freud, the period from adolescence to

adulthood is known as the stage.

3.According to the developmental theorist

, during the preschool to early

school years, a child imitates the religious

behavior of others.

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