xxvii
I. HISTORY ........................................................................................................................................... 322
II. OFFENSE .......................................................................................................................................... 322
III. INSTRUMENTS SUBJECT TO FORGERY ................................................................................. 322
A. Writings ....................................................................................................................................... 322
B. Access Devices .............................................................................................................................. 322
C. Sound and Audiovisual Recordings ............................................................................................. 322
D. Forgery Devices ........................................................................................................................... 322
IV. GRADING ........................................................................................................................................ 323
V. CULPABILITY ................................................................................................................................... 323
VI. ALTERATION OF INSTRUMENT .............................................................................................. 323
VII. MAKING FALSE INSTRUMENT OR SIGNATURE ................................................................. 324
VIII. UTTERANCE OF FORGED INSTRUMENT .......................................................................... 324
IX. MULTIPLE OFFENSES: MERGER .............................................................................................. 32 4FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT.............................................................................................................. 325
I. DUE PROCESS ................................................................................................................................... 325
A. Burden of Proof and Presumptions .............................................................................................. 325
B. Capital Cases ................................................................................................................................. 326
C. Discovery and Disclosure ............................................................................................................. 328
D. Entrapment.................................................................................................................................. 330
E. Evidence ........................................................................................................................................ 331
F. Prisoners’ Rights ............................................................................................................................ 332
G. Prosecutorial Conduct .................................................................................................................. 334
H. Sentencing and Parole .................................................................................................................. 336
I. Void for Vagueness and Overbreadth ........................................................................................... 339
J. Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................. 342
II. EQUAL PROTECTION .................................................................................................................... 348
A. General ......................................................................................................................................... 348
B. Jury Selection ............................................................................................................................... 350- Use of Peremptory Challenges ................................................................................................ 350
- Composition of Grand and Petit Jury Panels ......................................................................... 351
C. Selective Enforcement ................................................................................................................... 352
FRAUD ........................................................................................................................................................ 355
I. CRIMINAL SIMULATION ............................................................................................................... 355
II. SALE OF SIMULATED DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................ 355
III. TRANSFER OF CERTAIN LAW ENFORCEMENT BADGES WITH AUTHORIZATION
PROHIBITED .................................................................................................................................. 356
IV. SIMULATING A MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE IDENTIFICATION CARD .................... 356
V. FRAUDS RELATING TO PUBLIC AND RECORDABLE INSTRUMENTS .............................. 356
A. Fraudulent Destruction, Removal or Concealment of Recordable Instruments ........................ 356
B. Offering a False Instrument for Filing ......................................................................................... 356