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XV. APPEALS .......................................................................................................................................... 420

HARASSMENT (See also, DISORDERLY PERSONS, this Digest) .......................................................... 421

I. HISTORY ........................................................................................................................................... 421

II. CONSTITUTIONALITY .................................................................................................................. 421

III. ELEMENTS/PURPOSE TO HARASS ........................................................................................... 422

HINDERING.............................................................................................................................................. 424

HOMICIDE (See also CAPITAL PUNISHMENT, COMPLICITY, DEFENSES,

INSANITY/DIMINISHED CAPACITY, INTOXICATION, SELF-DEFENSE) ............................... 425

I. MURDER (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-3) ......................................................................................................... 425

A. Types of Murder ............................................................................................................................ 425

B. Indictments................................................................................................................................... 426

C. Time Limitations ......................................................................................................................... 426

D. Causation .................................................................................................................................... 426

II. MANSLAUGHTER (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-4) .......................................................................................... 427

III. INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................................................ 430

A. Generally ...................................................................................................................................... 430

B. Murder ......................................................................................................................................... 430

C. Felony Murder ............................................................................................................................. 431

D. Manslaughter .............................................................................................................................. 431

IV. VEHICULAR HOMICIDE (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-5) ............................................................................. 431

A. Generally ...................................................................................................................................... 431

B. Double Jeopardy Problems .......................................................................................................... 432

V. SENTENCES ..................................................................................................................................... 433

A. Murder (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-3b) ....................................................................................................... 433

B. Manslaughter (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-4c) ............................................................................................. 433

C. Vehicular Homicide (N.J.S.A. 2C:11-5) ..................................................................................... 433

IDENTIFICATION.................................................................................................................................... 434

I. DUE PROCESS .................................................................................................................................. 434

II. PROCEDURES ................................................................................................................................. 435

A. Lineups ........................................................................................................................................ 435

B. Show-Ups ..................................................................................................................................... 436

C. Photographic Identifications ....................................................................................................... 436

D. Voice Identifications (See also, VOICEPRINTS, this Digest) ................................................... 437

III. RIGHT TO COUNSEL .................................................................................................................. 437

IV. JURY INSTRUCTION CONCERNING IDENTIFICATION .................................................... 437

IMMUNITY................................................................................................................................................ 439

I. FORMS AND SCOPE OF IMMUNITY .......................................................................................... 439

A. Transactional Immunity ............................................................................................................... 439

B. Use and Derivative Use Immunity .............................................................................................. 439

C. Burden of Proof ........................................................................................................................... 440