NOTES, BOOK r. 4. '
Either I) *= raph $&w or simply 2) ' brought about by violence ;'
pio may be opposed either to $iuis or vdpos or both.
dmcp SZ av rats &ptupdvars rlxwats dwaymiuv hv el? ima;oXctu rit 4. 1.
oixcia 8pyawa, ti pc&r d~orsXcuBijutu8ai rb rpyov, OCO rai &W
The first six words Omcp. ,. sipais are read as in Bekker
supported by some MSS. There is also MS. authority for the
omission of 8;; and for the omission of both 82 and k
Retaining Bekker's reading, we must either I) "translate, as in
the text, making the apodosis to &ti ov'v begin with rrai rj KT~~T~K< ;
or 2) 82 after dmcp may be regarded as marking the apodosis ; or
3) the sentence may be an anacoluthon ; as frequently after ttl. in
Aristotle (cp. Rhet. ii. 25, 1402 b. 26 imi yirp 6 p2w KarTyop&w hl' rixdrov
&OdfiKVVU&V K.T.)L), Ifwe omit Gk, the apodosis still begins with Omcp.
sais bprupc'vato T&WQiE: The arts which have a definite sphere,
such as the art of the pilot, or of the carpenter, contrasted with the
ill defined arts cd politics or household management, cp. c. 13,
Q 13 6 ybp Pdwavuos rfxvirqs dqmpcupiqw rrvh Zxci GovXtiav.
Instead of Bekker's reading 0th Kai ri)u O~KOWO~~K~V another
reading oGrw KQ'~ sr$ O~KOWO~.~K$ has been proposed on the authority
of the old translation (Moerbek) 'sic et yconomico.' But r;v
O~KOVO~~W is more idiomatic and has the support of the greater
number of MSS. Sc. oktia 8pyawa 8ti kdppw.
O~KOVO/bt&'.
Kd &m€p ~PYQVOW lTpb dpyLiVOW. 4. 2.
Not 'instead of' but 'taking precedence of':-the slave is in
idea prior to the tool which he uses. He is an instrument, but he
is also a link between his master and the inferior instruments
which he uses and sets in motion,
For the use of rpb cp. the proverb quoted in c. 7. Q 3 8oCAor rpb
GO~XOV, Brm&qs npb 8cm67w. So the hand is spoken of as 8pyauow
qxj +y&uov (De Part. Anim. iv. IO, 687 a. 21).
fi y&p jd6VaTO K.7.A. 4. 3.
The connexion is as follows:-'There are not only lifeless but
living instruments; for the lifeless instrument cannot execute its
purpose without the living.'