POLITICS OF ARISTOTLE

14 ARZSTOTLE'S P0Lmc.s.

4. 
   
   
   
   4. sti plv 04v Xcy6peva ilpyavu TOL~TLK& 8pyavci ;mi, ri 82 wrijpa T~K-
      TLdV' 6lrd ).I&' yhp T& KfpKi8OS &fpdV 71 yhTO1 lrQph niV Xp$ULV &$S,
      rid 8; 6s iu9ijroc ~dr rijs Aiqs 4 xpiju~~ ~~VOV.
      It was said that a possession is an instrument for maintaining
      life, and there seems to be no reason why both KrTjpQrQ and 8pyava
      should not be regarded as different aspects of wealth (cp. infra
   
   
   
   

and Plato Politicus 287 D, who feels the difficulty of specialising the

notion of an 8pyavou : ' there is plausibility in saying that everything

in the world is the ihslrumeni of doing something '). But here the

term instrument, used in a narrower sense, is opposed to a posses-

sion, and regarded as a mere instrument of production. A parallel

distinction is drawn between production and action, and the slave

is described as the instrument of action. But he is also spoken of

as the 'instrument preceding instruments' (5 2), words which rather

indicate the minister of production. Aristotle passes from one

point of view to another without marking the transition.

He wants to discriminate the household slave fiom the artisan ;

but in the anempt to make this distinction becomes confused.

The conception of the slave on which he chiefly insists is that he

is relative to a master and receives from him a rule of life : c. 13.

$8 I 2-1 4. Ee therefore differs from the artisan.

C. 8. $ 15, 6 82 lrhOhOS dWdVoV Thfj8dS <UTW OiKOVOpiK&I Kd TOhLTLK&'~

rA Xcydpcva, e.g. instruments such as the shuttle, etc.

4. 5 6 62 Bios is,^06 soirpds icrrtv' 6tb KQ~^6 8oiAos imqpP;np riiv lrpds
   rrjv npb.$v.

the minister of action, because he ministers to his master's life.'

' Life is action, and therefore the slave, i.e. the household slave, is

4. 
   
   
   
   5. rb ydp p6piov oir pdvov Whov imi pdptov, ahh KQ~ &os Whov.
      Cp. Nic. Eth. V. 6. 4 8, rb 61 Kr$p KO~ rb rirvov, 2os hv $ V$~KOU
      ai PI) XopioB;, Bmrp pipes airroi.
   
   
   
   


5. 5, 0310s iKflVOU.
   The master although relative to the slave has an existence of
   his own, but the slave's individuality is lost in his master,


6. 1, Tq kdy? Bcopij~i~ Kat iK 7i)V yLV0JdVWV KClTapQ'8f~V.
   Here as elsewhere Aristotle distinguishes between reasoning and