0805852212.pdf

the end of the 13thcentury, perhaps as a result of new developments in mathe- matics. Logic and grammar often were studied and t ...

dents in Latin so they could enter the priesthood. The Renaissance, however, with its celebration of the human as well as the di ...

had publishedSome Thoughts Concerning Educationin 1693, in which he ar- gued that the goal of education was to prepare the child ...

front of the verb. In Latin, however, infinitive verb phrases are single words, not two words. We can use Spanish to illustrate ...

Both the middle class and the wealthy saw the huge increase in the poor pop- ulation as a threat. The French Revolution (1789–17 ...

Not long after the war, the prescriptive function found its way into writing as, in 1874, Adams Sherman Hill offered the nation’ ...

knew, of course, was the really important stuff—but this was not the province of writing instruction” (p. 160). Adams Sherman Hi ...

what was being observed and recorded on reservations. What followed was a major reassessment of grammar and the development of n ...

2 Teaching Grammar 1 Recognizing the Challenges Grammar instruction is a significant part of the language arts curriculum at all ...

modern grammars short shrift and focus just on terminology. In addition, pro- spective teachers must know how to teach grammar e ...

down whenever they hear the word “grammar”—successes are always hard-won. And although a lengthy critique of popular culture isn ...

Faulty Assumptions Successful grammar instruction involves matching instruction to expected out- comes and then assessing whethe ...

and even casual observation reveal (see Wolfram, Adger, & Christian, 1999). To influence speech, instruction would have to f ...

the athletes are not writers.” Only when subjects were allowed to draw dia- grams to represent the relations expressed in the gi ...

or even eliminates errors, is the most powerful and misunderstood. Conse- quently, it warrants special consideration. Grammar an ...

Fleming (2002), to find the hard but accurate word on the state of the profession. He surveyed the field and concluded that the ...

Only 1% of students at each grade level performed at the advanced (above aver- age) level (U.S. Department of Education, 1999).^ ...

job. The governing expectation is that when teachers ask students to write an essay in a week or two, they will see fewer errors ...

The Research on Grammar Instruction: A Brief Summary Formaltesting of the assumption began in the 1950s. In the early 1960s, the ...

the result of different teaching styles, so the researchers were particularly careful to control this variable. The students wer ...