stance n
in addition to communicating ideas and information, speakers and writers
can also express personal feelings, attitudes, value judgements or assess-
ments. These are known as expressions of stance. Two common means of
expressing stance are adverbials, and complement clauses. For example,
Obviously, your parents don’t understand you. (adverbial)
I really doubtthat I will get the job. (complement clause)
stance words n
in discourse, words that indicate the speaker or writer’s attitudes and stance
towards the content of the communication, such asactually, basically, just,
really, quite, whatever.
standard n standard adj
another term for standard variety
Standard American English n
see standard variety
Standard British English n
see standard variety
standard deviation n
also SD
(in statistics and testing) the commonest measure of the variability, or dis-
persion, of a distribution of scores, that is, of the degree to which scores
vary from the mean. The more the scores spread from the mean, the larger
the standard deviation or vice versa. It is defined as the square root of the
variance. The formula is as follows:
SD =where X=a raw score
< =the mean
N=the number of participants in a study (or items on a test)
A=the sum ofstandard dialect n
another term for standard variety
Standard English n
see standard variety
A(X-<)
NStandard English