58 Asia The Economist November 20th 2021
The complexion of some local media is
increasingly red. Cambodian media now
carry “journalism with Chinese character
istics”, according to Reporters without Bor
ders, another watchdog. Chineselanguage
outlets in Malaysia are muzzling journal
ists who do not toe the ccpline. In April
Lianhe Zaobao, a Chineselanguage Singa
porean newspaper, renamed its “Greater
China” section (covering China, Hong
Kong and Taiwan) simply “China”, reflect
ing China’s claim that Taiwan is its territo
ry. It is one of the few foreign newspapers
which are allowed to circulate in China.
China also spreads disinformation. A
recent investigation by Malaysiakini, a
news website, found that during the mass
unrest in Hong Kong in 2019, mainstream
Chineselanguage media in Malaysia re
gurgitated false reports from Chinese state
media claiming that protesters threw Mo
lotov cocktails at school buses. China ma
nipulates digital outlets, too. Its lies often
pop up on socialmedia platforms in Tai
wan, which is a “testing ground for [the]
prc’s worldwide propaganda”, according to
DoubleThink Lab, a local outfit that tracks
digitalinformation operations. From
there it spreads to SouthEast Asia, piggy
backing on the Twitter, Facebook and We
Chat accounts of SouthEast Asian mi
grants in Taiwan or ethnic Chinese in
SouthEast Asia.
Chinese propagandists have a few fa
vourite themes. They include China’s be
nevolence, as illustrated by its donations
of vaccines to SouthEast Asian countries
(true) and the invention of the first co
vid19 vaccine by a Chinese general (false).
Democracy is portrayed as a messy, chaotic
form of government and America as a rac
ist country. A video purporting to depict
black and white Americans beating a Chi
nese man with sticks was shared widely on
SouthEast Asian chat groups earlier this
year. The caption was false: the video actu
ally depicted a prison riot in Ecuador.
There is also evidence that the Chinese
propaganda apparatus, which has become
“much more sophisticated, multilayered
and international facing” in the past two
years, is conducting digital operations in
tended to manipulate public opinion in
SouthEast Asia about domestic politics,
says Mr Wallis.
It is hard to establish whether China is
winning hearts and minds with such tac
tics. A Pew poll conducted this year found
that in Singapore, which is about three
quarters Chinese, nearly twothirds of re
spondents did have favourable views of
China. Older Singaporeans were more like
ly than youngsters to hold such views. Last
year, a Singaporean woman posted on Red
dit, an online forum, about her father who
was “selfradicalising every night with ex
treme proChina videos”. Scores of Singa
porean users recounted similar experi
enceswiththeirownparents.
Sometimesinfluenceoperationsback
fire,however.In2015,theperceptionthat
ChinawasinterferinginMalaysia’saffairs
ledtensofthousandsofMalaystomarch
throughChinatowninKualaLumpur,stir
ringmemoriesofpastraceriots.
AndifMrLee,theMalaysianengineer,
isanythingtogoby,thepartystillhaswork
to do. Lofty rhetoric aboutthe Chinese
diaspora belonging to a “community of
commondestiny”isallwellandgood.But
his mainlandChinese colleagues “look
downonus...Theythinkwecomefroma
small,poorandweakcountry.”Headds:
“[They]don’tseeusasoneofthem”.Nor
doesMrLee.Heidentifiesnotasa Chinese
nationalbutasChineseMalaysian.n
Philippinepolitics
Succession
S
aradutertehadseemeddestinedto
be swept to power on a wave of inherit
ed popularity. But then she shunned her
clearcut opportunity to win the election
next May and succeed her deathdealing
father, Rodrigo Duterte, as president. In
stead, Ms Duterte registered to run for vice
president, a position that has no power. In
doing so, she appears to have messed up
the Duterte dynasty’s chances of prolong
ing its grip on national government. So the
president hastily made arrangements to
preserve a measure of political influence
once he completes the single sixyear term
in office the constitution allows him. He
registered to run for a seat in the senate.
Father and daughter both put their
names down just before the deadline of
November 15th set by the election authori
ty for the myriad political parties to rear
range their slates by substituting new can
didates. Ms Duterte began by withdrawing
her bid for reelection as mayor of the
southern city of Davao, the Duterte dynas
ty’s bailiwick, and changing parties. But,
dashing her father’s hopes, she registered
as a substitute candidate not for president
but vicepresident. In remarks directed at
supporters clamouring for her to run for
the presidency, in the hope she would rule
in the same manner as her father, Ms Du
terte told them this was “an opportunity to
meet you halfway”. President and vice
president are elected separately. Some
times they are political rivals. Unless ap
pointed to a government job by a sympa
thetic president, the deputy has nothing to
do but wait to take over if the boss becomes
unable or unwilling to carry on.
“I was puzzled,” her father said. “She
was number one in the surveys, so why did
she consent to running only for the vice
presidency?...I didn’t know what was going
through her head. We don’t talk.” Within
hours of Ms Duterte’s registering, her fa
ther had dispatched his righthand man,
Senator Christopher “Bong” Go, to register
as a presidential candidate. Two days after
that Mr Duterte himself registered to run
for the Senate. Their purpose is clearly to
reverse the present arrangement whereby
Mr Go serves as Mr Duterte’s alter ego in the
legislature.
For this to work, Mr Go must win the
presidential election. But the latest opin
ion survey, taken in October, does not give
him much chance. The frontrunner is Fer
dinand “Bongbong” Marcos, son of the late
tyrant, Ferdinand Marcos, far ahead of the
leader of the opposition, VicePresident
Leni Robredo, and the mayor of Manila, Is
ko Moreno. The day after the substitution
deadline, Ms Duterte and Mr Marcos ac
knowledged publicly that they had formed
an alliance and each would support the
other’s election campaign.
Ms Duterte may have sharper political
acumen than her father. The survey put her
second in the vicepresidential race, be
hind only Senator Vicente “Tito” Sotto, a
former comedian. If Ms Duterte can win
the vicepresidency, a similarly victorious
Mr Marcos may include her in his govern
ment. This would put Ms Duterte closer to
the seat of power than her father, even if he
succeeds in reaching the Senate. But com
fortingly for her father, of all the presiden
tial candidates, Mr Marcos is the least
equivocal about his intention to prevent
the International Criminal Court from in
vestigating Mr Duterte on suspicion that
his campaign againstillegaldrugs, which
has killed thousands of Filipinos, is a
crime against humanity.n
M ANILA
President Rodrigo Duterte’s daughter
shows she is her own politician
Adynastic merger?