vegetarianism, 447
Venerable Bede. See Bede
Venice, 375 , 433 , 434 , 442 , 496 -497, 552 , 686 , 809
Venus, 214 , 534
veracity, 814 , 815
Vercelli, Madame de, employer of Rousseau, 685
Verona, 367 ; Council of, 448
Vesalius, Andreas, Belgian anatomist ( 15141564), 544
vice of intellectual dishonesty, 78 -79
Vichy, 791
Victor II (Gebhardt of Eichstadt), Pope (reigned 1055-1057), 412
Victor IV, Antipope (reigned 1138), 433 *
Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria), Queen of England and Empress of India
( 1819-1901), 75 , 374 , 680
Victory, 336 -337, 373
Vienne, 385
Vigilius, Pope (reigned 538-555), 374
Vigna, Pietro della. See Pietro della Vigna
Vinci, Leonardo da, Italian painter, architect and sculptor ( 1452-1519),
487 , 493 , 495 , 503
violence, 646 , 681 , 725
violent emotion, 19 , 675
Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro), Roman poet ( 7019 B.C.), 274 , 343
Virgil, Irish bishop of Salzburg (fl. ca. 741), 394
Virgin, 5 , 313 , 368 , 369 , 383 , 514
virginity, 336 , 340 , 342 , 344 , 356 , 366
virtue, 15 , 177 , 191 , 297 , 309 , 775 ; and Aristotle, 173 -179, 181 ,
182 , 189 , 194 ; and St. Augustine, 360 , 361 ; and Cynics, 91 , 231 ;
and ethical theories, 178 -179; and Jews, 308 , 315 ; and Kant, 710 , 711
; and Machiavelli, 508 , 510 -511; and Nietzsche, 763 ; and Socrates, 92
; and Stoics, 177 , 254 -256, 257 , 263 , 267 -268
Visconti, Italian family, rulers of Milan (fl. 12771447), 496
Visigoths, 367 , 382 , 384 , 386 , 420