(^404) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
eczema. Some later symptoms may be the result of scratching of the skin. Often the
cause may be a drug reaction, the body’s immune system reacting to a medication.
PROGNOSIS
Resolution of the rash occurs within one to two weeks once the offending sub-
stance is identified and removed. However, if the patient is atopic, frequent exac-
erbations and remissions may occur with unknown etiology.
HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- Rash on the affected skin area from contact with the offending substance
- Pruritis from histamine release from mast cells
- Erythema and edema
- Vesicles where the substance came in contact with the skin
- Hyperpigmentation from irritation from scratching
INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS
- RAST testing may be done to determine allergens.
- Patch testing.
TREATMENT
Treatment involves determining, if able, the triggers that began the flare, and
avoidance of the same. Treatment aimed at each symptom will help to decrease
discomfort. If the dermatitis is widespread, IV medications, steroids, or antihista-
mines may be necessary to resolve the flare. Topical corticosteroid cream, gel, or
lotions will decrease the symptoms.NURSING DIAGNOSES
- Body image disturbance
- Risk of altered skin integrity
- Pain, discomfort