5–63 High blood pressure and high-fat diets contribute greatly to early arteri/o/
scler/osis. A healthy diet can decrease the risk for hardening of the arteries, also called
____________________ / _____ / ____________________ / __________.
5–64 Capillaries carry blood from arteri/oles to ven/ules. Ven/ules form a collect-
ing system to return oxygen-deficient blood to the heart through two large veins, the
SVC and the IVC.
Define the following abbreviations
SVC: ____________________ __________ __________
IVC: ____________________ __________ __________
5–65 In Figure 5–3, the SVC is number _____; the IVC is number _____.
5–66 Combine arteri/oand -spasmto form a word meaning arterial spasm:
____________________ / _____ / ____________________.
5–67 Normal veins have competent (healthy) valves whose ven/ous walls are
strong enough to withstand the later/al pressure of blood that is exerted upon them.
Blood flows through competent valves in one direction, which is toward the heart. In
varic/ose veins, also known as varicosities, dilatation (dilation) of veins from long
periods of pressure prevents complete closure of the valves. (See Fig. 5–4.)
Identify the medical term in this frame that means
pertaining to a dilated vein:____________________ / __________
healthy:____________________
5–68 Incompetent (damaged) valves cause a backflow of blood in the veins, which
causes enlarged, twisted superficial veins called varicosities. (See Fig. 5–4.)
Identify the terms in this frame that mean
abnormally enlarged, twisted veins:____________________
damaged:__________ / __________
Competency Verification:Check your labeling of Figure 5–3 in Appendix B: Answer Key, page 574.
Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.
170 CHAPTER 5• Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
arteri/o/scler/osis
ăr-tē-rē-ō-sklĕ-RŌ-sĭs
6, 7
varic/ose
VĂR-ĭ-kōs
competent
varicosities
văr-ĭ-KŎS-ĭ-tēz
incompetent
superior vena cava
VĒ-nă KĂ-vă
inferior vena cava
VĒ-nă KĂ-vă
arteri/o/spasm
ăr-TĒ-rē-ō-spăzm