Physics and Engineering of Radiation Detection
16 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation versus time in such a case will deviate from a straight line of single isotope ...
1.3. Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 17 This straight line represents the activity of the long lived component in the sample ...
18 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation 1.3.D RadioactiveChain We saw earlier that when a radionuclide decays, it may ...
1.3. Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 19 Activity max Time AP t AD D Figure 1.3.5: Typical parent and daughter nuclide activi ...
20 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation Example: A50μCiradioactive sample of pure^22288 Rngoes through the following s ...
1.3. Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 21 Activity of^21482 Pb The decay constant of^21482 Pbis λd 3 = ln(2) T 1 / 2 = 0. 693 ...
22 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation 1.3.E Decay Equilibrium Depending on the difference between the decay constant ...
1.3. Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 23 Activity AP AD T1/2P>>T1/2D Time Figure 1.3.6: Activities of par- ent and daug ...
24 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation Interestingly enough, this is exactly the mean life of protactanium-233 and it ...
1.3. Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 25 T P 1/2<T1/2 D Activity AD AP Time Figure 1.3.7: Activities of par- ent and daugh ...
26 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation 1 Ci =3. 7 × 1010 disintegrations/sec 1 mCi =10−^3 Ci=3. 7 × 107 disintegratio ...
1.5. Sources of Radiation 27 dependence due to the energy dependence of the activation cross section. However, to get an estimat ...
28 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation Fortunately the earth’s atmosphere acts as a shield to the worst of these radi ...
1.5. Sources of Radiation 29 Potassium-40 and Carbon-40 isotopes. However the absorbed dose and the damage to tissues due to thi ...
30 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation Table 1.5.1: Common Radioactive Isotopes of Elements Element Common Isotopes C ...
1.6. General Properties and Sources of Particles and Waves 31 structure and are therefore regarded as elementary particles. Ther ...
32 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation electromagnetic interactions. The whole wireless communications on which we ar ...
1.6. General Properties and Sources of Particles and Waves 33 X-ray Machine Since x-rays are high energy photons and can cause c ...
34 Chapter 1. Properties and Sources of Radiation L K Κ(α) M incident electron orbital electron x−rays Κ(β) BremsstrahlungFigure ...
1.6. General Properties and Sources of Particles and Waves 35 characterisitc x−rays Bremsstrahlung x−ray intensity photon energy ...
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