Index • 405sects, 344
secularization, 2
of Christian motives, 88–90, 164
dialectical, 214
pendulum theory of, 344
secularization thesis, 161, 162, 165
secular nationalism, 312
Seery, John, 54
self denial, 335
Sen, Amartya K., 158, 166, 167
Sermon on the Mount, 97, 98, 218
Seznec, Jean, 237
shaheeden,289, 322, 324, 333, 340
Shakespeare, William, 243
Shapiro, Ian, 163
Shariah-based commercial law, 6, 287,
295, 296, 298, 303–4, 303–5, 312
Shelley, Percy, 17
Shinto, 324
Shoguns, 334
Siebert, Rudolf J., 3–4, 343
Simon the Zealot, 217
Sirico, Robert, 97–99
skinheads, 328
slaughter-bench (holocaust altar), 67, 70,
84, 132, 142
“slave mentality,” 335
Smith, Adam, 42, 154
Smith, Dorothy, 260
Smith, Jonathan, 236
Smith, Wilfred Cantwell, 27
socialism, 97, 246
social order
multi-dimensional, 239–48
produced through practices enacted
in common, 278
and rational choice model, 172
rule/belief driven view of, 251,
252–53
theorized appearances treated as the
real thing, 281
social scientific methodology, 153
sociology
dialectical sociology, 82
interpretive sociology, 1
macro sociology, 253
micro sociology, 253
positivist sociology, 106
sociology of religion, 2, 125
on Islam, 297
Marx, 3, 343–45
solidarity
anamnestic, 71
as a matter of practice rather than
belief consensus, 283–84
through compassion, 138–39
Solomon, 208, 221
Son of God/Son of Man, 214
Southeast Asia, colonization of, 338
Southern kingdom of Judah, 209
Spain, expulsion of Muslims and Jews,
302, 306, 331
speaking in tongues, 6, 250, 254, 262,
263, 264–67, 272, 280
Spencer, Herbert, 134
spirituality
attempt to create meaning, 243
collective totality of social beliefs, 243
re-emergence of, 188
stage models, use of by health care
professionals, 198
Stalin, Josef, 75
Stark, Rodney, 126, 127, 152, 156, 159
approach to religion rooted in
“supply-side” economic theory, 162
argues that Christianity appeared as a
superior product to pagan plurality,
231, 233–34
argues that rational choice is the only
and inherent reaction, 223–24, 230
argues that sacrifice and stigma
mitigated the free-rider problems
faced by religious groups, 233
argues that state-funded clergy work
less hard, 164
argument against Freud that religion
is “psychopathology,” 345
argument that early Christianity was
not a proletarian movement but a
religion, 219
assumes a clear distinction between
Christianity and paganism, 231
assumes that human beings seek
rewards and avoid costs, 161, 163
challenges the secularization thesis,
161, 162
fallacy of cost-benefit explanations in
rise of Christianity, 230–34
fallacy that paganism simply died,
234–36
free-market economic
presuppositions, 169
interpretation of religion through
supply-side theory, 160–66
notion of compensator, 161, 162–63
pendulum theory of secularization, 344
reduction of religion to a belief in
heavenly rewards, 163
The Rise of Christianity,5, 213
suggests that market relations in the
United States explain religion in
antiquity, 247