Muhammad: Break with the Jews[204] Wellhausen, Medina, p. 94.
[205] Cf. Buhl, Muhammeds, p. 248; SEI, p. 399; EI², s.v. "Muhammad,"
p. 370. Islamic sources generally present this conflict as beginning from a
Jewish prank in which a Jew and an Arab were killed.
[206] Guillaume, Muhammad, pp. 363 f; Ibn Sa`d, Classes, vol. 2, 1,
pp. 32 f; Tabari, History, vol. 7, pp. 85 f; Wellhausen, Medina, pp. 92 f.
[207] Tabari, History, vol. 7, pp. 87 f.
[208] Ibn Sa`d gives 200 or 40 men; Waqidi gives 200 or 400 men.
[209] Guillaume, Muhammad, pp. 361 f; Ibn Sa`d, Classes, vol. 2, 1,
pp. 33 f; Tabari, History, vol. 7, p. 89; Wellhausen, Medina, p. 94.
[210] Or "heathens"; see p. 34, n. 47.
[211] Nöldeke and Schwally, GQ, vol. 1, p. 191.
[212] See Appendix D, p. 388.
[213] See Appendix D, p. 388.
[214] See Appendix D, p. 388.
[215] See Appendix D, p. 388.
[216] See p. 177, n. 148.
[217] See Appendix D, p. 388.
[218] In Guillaume, Muhammad, p. 277, Ibn Hisham gives an unreliable
tradition which presents these Christians as having been a deputation from
Najran, who decided not to accept Muhammad's challenge.
[219] See p. 34, n. 47.
[220] Cf. Dt. 23:19-20. Thus in this case, the term "`ummiyun" would
perhaps best be translated "heathen."