- “First inspect the mind of a word, and afterwards its face”: Geoffrey of Vinsauf,
Poetria Nova, in Ernest Gallo (ed. and trans.),The“Poetria Nova”and its
Sources in Early Rhetorical Doctrine(The Hague, 1971 ), lines 744 – 45. All
references to thePoetria Nova are to this edition. See, too, Richard
Finkelstein,“Amplification in William Dunbar’s Aureate Poetry,”Scottish
Literary Journal 13 ( 1986 ), 5 – 15 ; Isabel Hyde, “Primary Sources and
Associations of Dunbar’s Aureate Imagery,”MLR 51 ( 1956 ), 481 – 92 ; Ebin,
Illuminator, 75 – 79. - David Lawton,Chaucer’s Narrators(Cambridge, 1985 ), 132.
- Noted,too,byA.C.SpearinginMedieval Poet as Voyeur: Looking and Listening
in Medieval Love-Narratives(Cambridge, 1993 ), who sees here a“humanization
and sexualization”of the landscape ( 246 ). We might point out that Dunbar’s
translationeshave become Matthew of Vendôme’s“reversible”figures:“Ars
Versificatoria,”inLes Arts poétiques duxiieet duxiiiesiecle: recherches et documents
sur la technique littéraire du moyen âge, ed. Edmond Faral (Paris, 1924 ), 173. - Chrétien de Troyes,Le Chevalier de la Charrette ou Le Roman de Lancelot, ed.
Charles Méla (Paris, 1992 ), lines 1457 – 99. - Priscilla Bawcutt, note to lines 145 ff., observes Presence’s relative rarity among
the persons of medieval love-allegory. - Christopher Pye,The Regal Phantasm: Shakespeare and the Politics of Spectacle
(New York, 1990 ), 92.
46 .DOSTs.v. desolat, 1 (a). - The connections between the exile mapped by the Fall–“thepersonabanished
from his proper place to an alien one”–and the transfer and displacement
narrated by classical theories of metaphor are examined in Margaret
W. Ferguson’s excellent “Saint Augustine’s Region of Unlikeness: The
Crossing of Exile and Language,”Georgia Review 29 ( 1975 ), 842 – 64 ( 842 ). - Nicolette Zeeman,“The Idol of the Text,”Images, Idolatry, and Iconoclasm in
Late Medieval England: Textuality and the Visual Image, ed. Jeremy Dimmick,
James Simpson and Nicolette Zeeman (Oxford, 2002 ), 44. - Sarah Tolmie notes that“a usurper re-creates the originary moment of a
monarchy,”since“The regal abstractions that accompany dynastic rupture
point to the real foundation of royal power in contingent, violent pre-
eminence and to the massive cultural project of its mystification into the
guarantee of law and order.”“Kingmaking: The Historiography of Bruce
and Lancaster in Royal Biography, Ceremonial and Document”( 1998 ), 4. - On its history, see Priscilla Bawcutt,“Dunbar’s use of the Symbolic Lion and
Thistle,”Cosmos 2 ( 1986 ), 83 – 97 ( 89 – 94 ). - Fradenburg,City, Marriage, Tournament, 142 – 43.
- D. Vance Smith,Arts of Possession: The Middle English Household Imaginary
(Minneapolis, 2003 ), 199 , 202. - Joanna Martin readsThe Thrissillin this light, associating it with“This hindir
nycht in Dumfermeling”(B 76 ) and“Madam,ʒour men said thai wald ryd”
(B 30 ), poems which evoke the sexual undercurrents of the Stewart court:
Kingship and Love in Scottish Poetry, 1424 – 1540 (Aldershot, 2008 ), 154 – 59.
188 Notes to Pages 35 – 40