622
Subject Index
A
Abercrombie & Fitch, 163–164
Ability, self-perception of, 206
Abortion, sex based, 14
Abstinence only sex education, 316–318
Access discrimination, 458
Accidents
alcohol-related, 366
death from, 344–345
motor vehicle, 376
risk-taking behavior and, 376
Achievement
fear of, 186–190
individual difference factors, 185–205
achievement motive, 185–186
attributions for performance, 202–205
conceptions of self, 200–202
response to evaluative feedback,
193–194
self-confidence, 190–192
self-esteem, 195–196
stereotype threat, 196–200
sex differences in higher education,
183–185
social factors, 206–215
expectancy/value model of achievement,
206–208
influence of parents, 208–211
influence of teachers, 211–215
Achievement motive, 185–186
Addiction, 362–366
ADHD.See Attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD)
Adolescence
depression in, 494, 514–520
gender intensification, 515
body image and, 516–517
puberty, 515–516
interpersonal stress and, 509
self-esteem, 195–196
suicide and, 536–537
Adulthood, interaction styles in, 226–228
performance implications, 228
sex differences qualifiers, 227–228
Adult stereotype, 79–81
Advertisements
gender-role socialization and, 163–164
toys, 164
Affirmative action, 459
Affiliation, fear of, 188–189.See alsoIntimacy
African Americans
body objectification in, 517
divorce rate among, 395
friendships among, 283
gender-role stereotypes among, 83, 84, 87gender-role strain among, 62–63
self-esteem among, 202
sex disparity, 184
sexual attitudes and, 126
Against Our Will: Men, Women, and Rape
(Susan Brownmiller), 436
Agape (pure) love, 310–311
Age
friendship and, 277, 278, 282, 290–291
as moderating variable, 107
for sexual intercourse, 316
Age bias, 105
Age effects, 37–38
Agency
depression and, 511
health and, 381–382
status theory and, 252
unmitigated, 57, 58, 188, 381–382
Aggression
crime statistics, 123
emotions and, 122–123
hostile, 121–122
intimate partner violence, 423–430
incidence, 423–427
indicators of, 424
mythsabout,423
proactive, 157
provocation to, 122
rape and other forms of sexual coercion,
430–437
characteristics of perpetrator, 433–434
characteristics of victim, 434–435
definitions of, 431–432
incidence of, 432
rape myths, 432–433
theories of, 435–437
reactive, 157
relational, 223–224
research on
sex of perpetrator, 122–123
sex of victim, 123–125
sex-related comparisons, 121–125
Agreement, influence through, 240–241
Agta Negrito, 13
AIAS.See Attitude Interest Analysis Survey
(AIAS)
AIDS, 377
Alcohol, health issues and, 366–367
Alcohol use, 366
cohabitation and, 397
marriage and, 397–398
motor vehicle accidents and, 376
Alzheimer’s disease, 344–345
Ambivalence Toward Men Inventory,
75–76, 87
Ambivalent Sexism Inventory, 71, 72American Psychological Association
on sexist language use, 22
Amish schoolhouse massacre, 121
Analgesic, 383
Androgens
effects, 138
exposure to, 137
prenatal, 137
Androgyny, 7, 53, 56–57
emotional expression and, 250
gender schematicity and, 170–172
Android obesity, 369
Anger, 42, 45–46, 153, 156, 157, 251, 256.
See alsoAggression
Anglo-Americans, gender-role stereotypes
among, 83, 84
Anorexia nervosa, 526–527
Antianxiety drugs, 492
Antidepressants, 487
Antisocial behavior, 498
Antisocial personality disorder, 518
Anxiety disorders, 363
Appearance, 3
Arena, Bruce, 94–95
Arthur, Ashe, 344
Artifacts, 350
Asian Americans
friendships among, 283
gender-role stereotypes among, 83, 84
Asian women, quantitative skills among, 91
Aspirin, 107, 355
Assertiveness, 45, 92
Athletics, 63, 77
Title IX, 208
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD), 519
Attitude Interest Analysis Survey (AIAS),
49, 50
Attitudes Toward Women Scale (ATWS),
68–69
Attributions
defined, 202
dispositional, 91–92
external, 202
internal, 202
for performance, 202–205
dimensions of causality, 202–203
expectancy model of, 203, 204
implications for achievement, 205
sex comparisons, 203–205
stable, 202
unstable, 202–203
AT WS.See Attitudes Toward Women Scale
(ATWS)
Audience challenge, as obstacle to cross-sex
friendships, 279Z03_HELG0185_04_SE_SIDX.indd 622 6/21/11 2:33 PM