Advices For Studying Organic Chemistry

1) When the parent chain has both a halo and an alkyl substituent attached to it,

number the chain from the end nearer the first substituent.

CH 3 CHCHCH 2 CH 3

Cl

CH 3

CH 3 CHCH 2 CHCH 3

Cl

CH 3

2-Chloro-3-methylpentane 2-Chloro-4-methylpentane

2) Common names for simple haloalkanes are accepted by the IUPAC ⇒ alkyl

halides (radicofunctional nomenclature).

(CH 3 ) 3 CBr CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 Cl (CH 3 ) 3 CCH 2 Br

2-Bromo-2-methylpropane 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane 1-Bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane
tert-Butyl bromide Isobutyl chloride Neopentyl bromide

4.3F NOMENCLATURE OF ALCOHOLS

1. IUPAC substitutive nomenclature: locants, prefixes, parent compound, and
   one suffix.
   CH 3 CH 2 CHCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH

CH (^3)
4-Methyl-1-hexanol
locant prefix locant parent suffix

1. The locant 4- tells that the substituent methyl group, named as a prefix, is
   attached to the parent compound at C4.


2. The parent name is hexane.


3. An alcohol has the suffix -ol.


4. The locant 1- tells that C1 bears the hydroxyl group.


5. In general, numbering of the chain always begins at the end nearer the
   group named as a suffix.