Arabic: An Essential Grammar

15.14 The preposition ...ِل /li.../ ‘for, to, belonging to’ takes the form

َل ... /la.../ before all suffix pronouns, except before the suffix pronoun of

the first person singular, e.g.

BUT:

ِلي l-ı

• ,

for me, belonging to me

15.15 The d

̇

ammah of the suffix pronouns is changed to kasrah when

the suffix is preceded by kasrah or ya ̄

:

These suffixes become:

Examples:

15.16 When the suffix pronouns are attached to verbs, they function

as the direct (or indirect) object of transitive verbs, e.g.

Remember: The suffix pronoun for the first person singular ِني ... /...nı ̄/

‘me’ is attached only to a verb (see 15.4 note).

15.17 When a suffix pronoun is attached to the second person

َلـ َك la-ka َل ُه ْم la-hum

for you, belonging to you for them, belonging to them

ُه ... /...hu/ ... ُه َما /...huma ̄/ ُه ْم ... /...hum/ نَّ ُه ... /...hunna/

ِه ... /...hi/ ... ِه َما /...hima ̄/ ِه ْم ... /...him/ نَّ ِه ... /...hinna/

ِ في َب ْي ِت ِه ل َم ْي ِه َماِّم ْن ُم َعَ ِإَل ْي ِه ْم

fı

• bayti-hi min mu



allimay-hima ̄

ilay-him

in his house from their (two) teachers to them

َش َت َم ِني َس ِم َع ُه َح َمَل ُه ْم

sˇatama-nı

• . sami



a-hu.h

̇

amala-hum.

He insulted me. He heard him. He carried them.

Separate

personal

pronouns

and suffix

pronouns

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