Arabic: An Essential Grammar

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(b) If the first consonant of the basic verb form is ز /z/, as in َز َه َر


zahara ‘to shine’, the infix ..ـتـ.. /-t-/ of form VIII is changed into


د /-d-/, thus yielding the form ِإ ْز َد َه َر^



izdahara ‘to flourish’ (not:

ِإ ْز َت َه َر^



iztahara).

Note: If the first consonant of the basic verb form is تـ.. /t/, as in َت ِب َع tabi



a

‘to follow’, the infix ..ـتـ.. /-t-/ of form VIII is written as doubled: ت َب َعَِّإ

ittaba



a, ‘to follow, succeed’ (not: ِإ ْت َت َب َع).

Exercises


Analyse the following verbs according to:


(a) form number


(b) basic verb form


(c) imperfect tense.


َأ ْب َع َد ر َقَّم َع َت َفََّر َأ ْن َت َج َج رََّح


(1) to send away to be split to gather to produce to liberate

ل َم ِإ ْس َت ْخ َر َجََّع د َسا َم َحََّكا َت َبإ ْس َو


(2) to take out to teach to forgive to become

black

to correspond

with

س َن ِإ ْس َت ْم َت َعَّ ه َل َت َحََّها َج َر َأ ْعَل َم َس


(3) to enjoy to improve to make

easy

to inform to emigrate

ن َب َت َكا َت َبَّل َح َت َجَّل َم ِإ ْن َت َق َل َت َسََّت َك


(4) to

correspond

to avoid to arm

oneself

to move to speak

َت َقا َت َل َشا َر َك َت َسا َب َق ِإ ْن َس َر َق ِإ ْن َق َس َم


(5) to be divided to be stolen to compete to share to fight

ل َمََّس ل َم ِإ ْن َت َص َرَّب َر َت َعَِّإ ْن َف َج َر َت َك


(6) to greet to gain to learn to be

proud

to explode
123

Derived
verb forms,
transitive
and
intransitive
verbs
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